李辉高考英语语法全景图

李辉高考英语语法全景图，高考英语短文改错五大难点： 单数还是复数？ 谓语还是非谓？ 现在还是过去？ 主动还是被动？ 真实还是虚拟？

高考英语 《语法考点全景导图》

• 名词
• 谓语动词
  • 什么时候用
    • 一句一主谓
      • 当某个单句中没有谓语动词的时候，就需要加上谓语动词。
  • 谓语考什么
    • 时态（先判断意思，再 选择相应的时态形式）
      • 一般现在
        • “常态”
          • “吃/喝/拉/睡”
            • “经常/真的/是...的/老”
              • Li Hui teaches English.
      • 一般过去
        • “讲故事”
          • “动作发生在过去，句子也在描述过去”
            • “曾经/当时/刚刚”
      • 现在完成
        • “吹牛逼”
          • “动作发生在过去，句子却在描述现在”
            • “已经”
      • 过去完成
        • “发生在did之前”/ "过去的过去"
      • 过去将来
      • 一般将来时
      • 各种进行时
      • 完成进行时
    • 被动
      • be/get + done
    • 虚拟 "did"
      • 常见句型
        • 对现在的虚拟：I wish that sb. did sth. 对过去的虚拟：I wish that sb. had done sth. 对将来的虚拟：I wish that sb. would do sth.
        • If I were you, I would do sth.
        • It is high/about time that sb. did sth.
        • Without you, sb would do sth. 如果没有你，某人就会做某事（将来） Without you, sb would have done sth. 如果没有你，某人就会已经做了某事（过去）
        • But for you, sb would do sth. 如果没有你，某人就会做某事（将来） But for you, sb would have done sth. 如果没有你，某人就会已经做某事（过去）
        • Otherwise, sb. would do sth. 否则，某人就会做某事（将来） Otherwise, sb. would have done sth. 否则，某人就会已经做某事（过去）
        • 一坚持/二命令/三建议/四要求+(that)+ sb. (should) do. eg: I suggested (that) you (should) go home.
        • would rather 表“宁愿”
          • would rather + sb. did sth. 对现在/将来的虚拟 would rather + sb had done sth. 对过去的虚拟
      • 虚拟条件句 "如果...就...."
        • 三大口诀
          • 主过将|从过
            • I would go, if I were you.
              • 现在时间平台上的虚拟
          • 主过将完|从过完
            • I would have come, if I had known about the party.
          • 主过将|从should/were to
            • I would buy you a gift, if I should travel to America.
        • 错综时间虚拟语气
          • 主句从句不在一个时间平台上
            • 如果我之前学习更勤奋（过去），我现在就是个科学家（现在）。 I would be a scientist now, if I had studied harder.主过将|从过完
            • 如果你将来要去法国读书（将来），你十年前就该开始学法语（过去）。 If you were to study in France, you should have started to learn French ten years ago. 主过将完|从should/were to
        • 含蓄条件句
          • 不带if，但是依然表示“条件”
            • Without XXX,... But for XXX,... Otherwise,...
        • 条件句的省略形式
          • 规则：把if去掉，把助系情提前。
    • 主谓一致 （主语的单复数决定谓语的形式）
• 非谓语动词
• 三大从句
  • 什么地方用
    • 从【充当的成分】来看
      • 当名词用
        • 名词性从句
          • 主、宾、表、同
      • 当形容词用
        • 定语从句
      • 当副词用
        • 状语从句
    • 从【主句完整性】角度来看
      • 如果主句缺名词
        • 主从
          • (That Tom is ugly) is true.
        • 宾从
          • We all know (that Tom is ugly).
        • 表从
          • The fact is (that Tom is ugly).
      • 如果主句不缺名词
        • 同从
          • I know the fact (that Tom is ugly). 同位语从句也叫“内容从句”
            • 用来解释先行词的“内容”
              • 先行词：从句前面的那个名词！！
            • 同从的先行词是“抽象名词”
              • news; fact; idea; report; answer; question; opinion
        • 定从
          • I know the fact (that Tom said).
            • 用来对先行词“修饰限定”
            • 定从的先行词是任意名词
        • 状从
          • 明确给出主句的时间/地点/原因/结果/方式 /目的/条件/让步/比较等，把主句变“壮大”
            • 状从用来修饰主句这件“事儿”
              • 时间 地点 原因 结果（so 如此…that…; such 这样的…that...) 方式 目的（so that 以便） 条件 让步 管用的是条件：if you love me ,l will kiss you. 不管用的是让步：Although you love me ,l will kill you. 比较 伴随
          • I read English
            • when I am free.
              • 本来没说时间，现在加上了时间
            • where others play.
              • 本来没说地点，现在加上了地点
            • because I want to study abroad.
              • 本来没说原因，现在加上原因
  • 从句考什么
    • 根据意思，选引导词 1、有哪些引导词 2、分别是啥意思 3、有啥特殊要求
      • 名词性从句
        • 【连词】 从句本身不缺名词
          • that
            • 不翻译
            • “说”
              • I know (that Tom is ugly).
            • ...那件事
          • if
            • 是否/与否
              • 只能用于
                • vt的宾从
                  • I wonder if Tom is ugly.
                • 带形式主语it 的主从
                  • It puzzles me if Tom is ugly.
          • whether
            • 是否/与否
              • 到处都能用，特别爱跟or not搭配，而if不能跟or not搭配
              • eg: The question is whether Tom is ugly.
        • 【连接副词】 从句本身不缺名词 “问我的外号”
          • when
            • ...的那个时间
              • I forgot (when I should be back).
          • where
            • ...的那个地方
              • I forgot (where I met her).
          • why
            • ...的那个原因
              • I forgot (why he left).
          • how
            • ...的那个方式
              • I wonder (how I can go home).
            • 怎么
              • I wonder (how I can go home).
            • 多么
              • I am surprised (at) (how ugly Tom is).
        • 【连接代词】 从句一般缺名词 “俩人俩物”
          • who
            • ...的那个人
              • (Who killed Tom) is still a mystery.
                • who能做主语和宾语
          • whom
            • ...的那个人
              • I wonder (whom Tom killed).
                • whom只能做宾语
          • which
            • 哪个
              • There are three apples. I don't know (which you like).
                • 有选择范围
          • what
            • ...的那个东西
              • I don't know (what I can do).
                • 没有选择范围
            • 什么
              • I don't know (what I can do).
                • 我不知道我能做什么。
          • 例外
            • which和what修饰名词
              • I don't know (which student broke the glass).
              • I don't know (what fruit you like).
      • 定语从句 (主句中有一个名词，然后 用从句对它进一步做解释)
        • 特殊关系词
          • as
            • “正如”
              • As we all know, Tom is ugly. As is known to all, Tom is ugly. Tom is ugly, which is known to all.
                • as和which一样，可以指代整个主句
                • as引导的定从可以放在主句之前
          • whose
            • “ta的、ta们的”
              • I have a house whose windows face the sea.
        • 关系代词 从句缺名词
          • “他/它/他们”
            • who
              • LiHui is a teacher (who teaches English).
            • whom
              • Tom is the teacher (whom we beat everyday).
            • which
              • Tom never wears a thing which makes him different. Tom从来不穿让他与众不同的东西。
                • which可译为“它”
                • 限制性定语从句只能修饰名词。
              • Tom never wears a thing, which makes him different. Tom从来不穿东西，这件事让他与众不同。
                • which可译为“这件事”
                • 非限制性定语从句可以修饰名词，也可以修饰整个主句。 （把整个主句当作一个名词来用）
            • that
              • Li Hui is a teacher that teaches English.
                • that的用法口诀：“人物绝不避人物”
                  • 人
                    • Li Hui is a teacher（ that teachers English）
                  • 物
                    • Li Hui has a pen( that is very beautiful)
                  • 绝
                    • TT is the only teacher( that teaches Chinese )(in Youdao)
                      • 最高级，序数词，only / very / all
                  • 不
                    • l know something（ that you don't know.)
                      • 不定代词:是代词，但不确定指代谁。
                  • 避
                    • Who is the man （that is so ugly? ）
                  • 人物
                    • The man and his car （that l saw just now） were very ugly.
          • 关代判断法则 （语法填空）
            • 空格前无逗号无介词，直接填that；否则不填that
              • Tom is a teacher _____ teaches maths.
                • 答：that
              • Tom has a car ___ is stolen.
                • 答：that
            • 逗号后，人用who，物用which
              • Tom is a teacher, _____ is ugly.
                • 答：who
              • Tom has a car, ____ is ugly.
                • 答：which
            • 介词后，人用whom，物用which
              • Tom has a girlfriend with _____ he often quarrels.
                • 答：whom
              • Tom has a car in _____ he often quarrels with his girlfriend.
                • 答：which
        • 关系副词 从句不缺名词 （非时间即地点）
          • when
            • 那会儿
              • I still remember the days (when we were young).
          • where
            • 在那儿
              • I still remember the farm (where we played together).
          • why
            • 之所以/为什么
              • 公式：The reason (why... ) is (that....)
                • 某人之所以做某事的原因就是说....
              • The reason (why Jerry cried) was (that Tom was too ugly).
          • 关副解题技巧
            • why引导的定从只修饰名词reason；when和where则满足“非时间即地点”
            • I have reached a point in my career ______ I have to decide what to do next.
        • 注意：在定语从句的世界里，没有what和how。
      • 状语从句
        • 本质：背单词
          • 30多个
            • only if 只有如果....，才... as if 就好像... as though 就好像... even if 尽管... even though 尽管... as long as 只要... ...
        • 状语从句的主句和从句一般都是完整的句子，因此，没有 什么结构规律值得分析，只需要记住常见引导词的意思。
    • 从句知识大总结
      • 1、如果主句不完整，则从句是主从/宾从/表从
      • 2、如果主句完整，则从句是同从/定从/状从
      • 3、如果从句不完整，则引导词是代词
      • 4、如果从句完整，则引导词是连词或副词
• 并列
• 副词
• 形容词
  • 什么地方用
    • 定语
      • 修饰名词
        • 一般放在名词前
          • I want to tell you an interesting story.
        • 如果跟其它东西搭配，共同修 饰一个名词，则需放在名词后。
          • This is a story (interesting for me).
      • 修饰不定代词
        • 放在不定代词之后
          • I want to tell you something interesting.
        • 不定代词：something, somebody, anything, anybody, nothing...
    • 表语
      • 表语就是“主语的表现”：The story is interesting
      • 常见的"表语形容词" （只能做表语的形容词）
        • alike aloud asleep alive afraid angry alone...
          • angry 和anger是同根词，angry是形容词，可以作定语修饰名词，如: the angry man。也可以作表语，如: He is very angry. anger 是名词，它可以是主语，如: Anger makes people unhealthy. 也可以作宾语, 如: He was filled with anger. She slammed her fist on the desk in anger.
    • 补语
      • I will make the child happy.
        • 补语是主干结构
  • 形容词考什么
    • 名词如何变adj.
      • -ful
      • -less
      • 同根词
    • 动词如何变adj.
      • doing
        • 令人...
          • exciting
      • done
        • 感到...
          • excited
      • -able
        • eg:eatable
    • adj.的比较级最高级
      • 碰到as选原级
        • Li Hui is as handsome as WuYanzu.
      • 碰到than选比较级
        • Li Hui is more handsome than Wu Yanzu.
      • in/of/among最高级
        • LiHui is the most handsome man (among/of all human beings) (in the world).
• 固定搭配
  • 只考简单的，也就是英语老师天天念叨的那些！
  • 到微信公众号“辉哥英语”，输入“短语搭配”
• 介词用法
• 冠词用法
• 代词
• 高考英语短文改错五大难点
• 浮动主题
• 浮动主题
• 浮动主题
• 浮动主题
• 浮动主题
• 浮动主题
• 浮动主题
• 浮动主题
• when
  • 疑问句
    • 什么时候
      • When will you be back?
  • 名词性从句
    • 什么时候/...的那个时间
      • I don't know (when you will be back).
  • 定语从句
    • 那会儿
      • I look forward to the day (when you will be back).
  • 状语从句
    • 当...时候
      • I will tell you a story (when you come back).
    • 正在这时突然
      • Tom was taking a shower (when a girl came in).
• where
  • 疑问句
    • 什么地方/哪里
      • Where did you go?
  • 名词性从句
    • 什么地方/...的那个地方
      • I don't know where you went.
      • Where you will go is a wild area.
  • 定语从句
    • 在那儿
      • I went to a park (where I met Tom).
  • 状语从句
    • 在...的地方
      • Where there is a will, there is a way.