当主语后面有as well as、along with、as much as、accompanied by、including、in addition to、more than、no less than、with、together with等短语时,谓语动词不受这些短语的影响,仍然与主语保持一致。
The students ,together with their teacher ,are going to have a picnic this weekend.
乘法算式与加法算式中的谓语动词,可用单数形式,也可用复数形式;除法算式与减法算式中的谓语动词,只能用单数形式。
Fifteen and five equals/equal twenty.
Fifteen minus five equals ten.
“The+形容词”作主语表示抽象概念时,谓语动词用单数;表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数。
The new is sure to take place of the old.
and连接两个并列成分作主语,谓语常用复数;但当and连接的两个词语指同一人或事物时,谓语动词用单数。
War and peace is a constant theme in history.
and连接的两个并列主语有each、every、no修饰时,谓语用单数形式。
集体名词作主语时,如果视为一个整体,谓语动词常用单数;如果侧重其中的个体成员,谓语动词用复数。这类集体名词常见的有army 、audience 、class 、club、committee 、crowd、family、government、group、majority、minority、public、staff、team、等。有些集体名词,如cattle、people、police一般总看成复数。
The family are all fond of football.
不定式、动名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
Reading often means learning.
从句做主语,谓语动词一般用单数,但what引导的主语从句意义上表示复数或从句有两个(以上)的动词,是表示复数意义的并列结构时,谓语动词用复数。
What we badly need are doctors.
and连接的两个名词性从句作主语,若表示两件事情,谓语动词常用复数。但how and why与when and where引导的从句作主语,谓语动词仍用单数。
不定代词one、 every 、each 、everybody 、everyone 、no one、 nothing、 nobody 、someone 、somebody 、either 、neither 等作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。
Neither of my parents likes my new house.
表示时间、金额、距离、体积、重量、面积等的词组作主语时,通常将其视为整体,谓语动词用单数。
Twenty years stands for a long period in one’s life.
表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
The United Starts is a sports-loving nation.
a series of 、a kind of、the number of 等与名词构成名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
A kind of rose in the garden smells very pleasant.
several、 both 、few 、many 、a number of 风修饰可数名词作主语,或是由它们自身作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
Several people have volunteered to go.
a lot of 、most of 、any of 、half of 、some of 、the rest of 、all of 、“分数/百分数+of ”等后接不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;如果后接可数名词复数形式作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
A lot of money in the shop was stolen yesterday when the electricity was suddenly cut off.
以-s结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛等作主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式。
The Himalayas extend along the border of India and China.
量词修饰由相对应的两部分组成的名词作主语。
一些由两个对应部分组成一体的可数名词复数如trousers 、pants 、glasses 、scissors 等作主语,前面若无a pair of 、a suit of 、a series of 等这类的单位词,通常作复数用,谓语动词用复数。若带有单位词,则由单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数形式。
This pair of glasses is very expensive.
含有pile 、mountain 、row 、mass、 cup、 basket 、box、 pack、 packet 、parcel 等词修饰短语作主语,谓语动词根据修饰语的单复数形式而定。
A packet of letters needs mailing.
a quantity(of)、an amount (of)、(large)quantities (of)、amounts (of)作主语或其修饰的名词作主语,谓语动词应根据quantity 和amount 的单复数形式而定。
Quantities of money are needed to equip the school.
many a …、more than one…作主语,尽管意义上表示的是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式;不过“more +可数名词复数+than one ”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
More students than one have read the book.