英语语法：名词

英语语法笔记之名词。内容包括可数名词、不可数名词和单位词。重点内容如下：常见单位词、可数名词的规律变化和不规律变化、不可数名词的列举。读完本思维导图，可以对英语名词有初步的了解！

名词

• 单位词
  • 常见单位词：bag, plate, glass, bottle, basket...etc.
    • Examples
      • 1/6 is read as "one sisth"
  • 用法：数词＋单位词＋of＋名词
  • 注意：数词不为1，单位词用复数，可数名词用复数
    • Examples
      • Once, twice, thrice
    • Use
      • Express how many times some event happens
• 可数名词
  • 规则变化
    • 1. 直接＋s
    • 2. 以不发音e结尾＋s
    • 3. 以sh, ch, x, o, s结尾＋es
    • 4. 以辅音＋y结尾，改y为i＋es
    • 5. 以f/fe结尾，改f/fe为v＋es
  • 不规则变化
    • 1. “鹅、足、牙” oo变ee： goose－geese，foot－feet，tooth－teeth
    • 2. 鱼、鹿、绵羊不用变： fish，deer，sheep
    • 3. 男人、女人a变e： man－men，woman－women
    • 4. 孩子＋ren：child－children
    • 5. 老鼠爱大米：mouse－mice
• 不可数名词
  • 液体：water, juice...etc.
    • All, another, any, anybody/anyone,anything,each, everybody/everyone, everything, few, many, nobody, none, one, several, some, somemody, someone,etc.
      • Examples
        • They lost everything in the earthquake.
        • Can anyone answer this question?
    • Use
      • It is vague and " not definite".
      • An indifinite pronun does not refer to any specific person, thing, or amount.
  • 气体：air, gas...etc.
  • 细小颗粒：sand, rice...etc.
    • Who, Whom, Whose, Which, That
      • Examples
        • The person whose phone just rang should stand up.
        • The person that phoned me last night is my teacher.
    • Use
      • Related to the word that its relative clause modifies.
      • Used to introduce a relatice clause.
  • 肉类：pork, beef...etc.
    • Who, Whom, What, Which, Whose
      • Examples
        • What do you want?
        • Who told you?
        • Whom did you tell?
    • Use
      • Represents the thing that we don`t know.
      • Used to ask queations.
  • 抽象名词：work, news...etc.
    • Each other, One another
      • Examples
        • The gangsters were fighting one another.
        • John and mary love each other
    • Use
      • Used when each of two or more subjects is acting the same way towards the other.