英语词性

词类又叫词性，英语单词根据其在句子中的功用，可以分成十个大类。前六类叫实词，后四类叫虚词。让我们跟着思维导图一起来学习十大类英语词性以及其细分用法分类讲解吧！

英语词性

叹词 - int. (interjection)

Examples

My God, ouch, well, hey, er etc.

Use

It often stands alone, unconnected to a sentence.

A short word or phrase that shows emotion.

可数名词 - num. (numeral)

Fractions and demicals

Examples

1/6 is read as "one sisth"

Dates

Multiplicative adverbs

Examples

Once, twice, thrice

Use

Express how many times some event happens

Cardial numbers

Examples

Zero, one, two, three

Use

Refer to the size of a group.

Ordinal numbers

名词 - n. (nouns)

Compound nouns

Examples

football

mother-in-law

bus stop

Use

Acts as a single unit and can be modified by adjectives and other nouns.

Collective nouns

Examples

boss

family

Rule

Can be treated as singular or plural.

Use

It denots a group of individuals.

Countable / Uncountable nouns

Uncountable nouns

Examples

what

electricy

money

Use

Uncountable nouns are always singular.

Yot cannot count uncountable nouns.

Countable nouns

Examples

10 years

A dog

Six dollars

Use

Count nouns have singular and plural forms.

You can count countable nouns

Uncountable nouns

Examples

money

music

love

Use

uncountable nouns are substances, concepts etc that we cannot divide into separate elements. We cannot "count" them. 

Countable nouns

Examples

animal-animals

woman-women

man-men

Use

Have both sigular and plural forms

Nouns that can be counted

Proper / Common nouns

Common nouns

Examples

Sub Topic

Book

Dog

Use

Refer to people, places in general

Proper nouns

Examples

November

Italy

Mary

Use

Refer to names of specific people, places or organizayions.

Common nouns

Examples

computer

apple

pen

Use

Common nouns can be countable or uncountable, singular or plural

Common nouns are words for people, places or things that are not specific ( opposed to peoper nouns)

Proper nouns

Examples

St.Paul's Cathedral

America

Cindy

Use

Proper nouns are the names of specific people or places. They should always begin with a capital letter.

动词 - v. (verb)

Auxiliary

Examples

I am eating

Use

A verb used with main verbs to show tense, etc. and to form questions and negatives.

Participle

Past

Forms like wanted, broken, started, begun etc.

Present

Often refered to as the "-ing" form of a verb, such as singing, swimming

Modal

Linking verb

Examples

I feel unwell.

Mary is a nurse.

Use

Link the subject to a noun or adjective.

Link two parts of a sentence.

Have NO object.

Full verb

Intransitive verb

Take NO subject.

The bomb exploded in the city center.

Transitive verb

Take an object.

Examples

Jenna brings Mrs. Smith lunch every day.

连词 - conj. (conuunction)

Subordinating conjunctions

Examples

After, although, because, if, until etc.

Sam went swimming although it was raining.

Use

Used to join a subordinate (dependent) clause to a main (independent) clause.

Coordinating conjunctions

Examples

And, but, or, nor, for, yet, so

I like tea and coffee.

Use

Used to join two parts that are grammatically equal or similar.

介词 - prep. (preposition)

Phrase prepositions

Examples

Because of, with regard to, on behalf, for the sake of etc.

Participle prepositions

Examples

Concerning, notwithstanding, considering etc.

Double prepositions

Examples

Out of, outside of, from beneath etc.

Compound prepositions

Examples

Without, within, inside, outside, into, behind

Simple prepositions

Examples

In, on, at, aboue, over, under,of etc.

冠词 - art. (article)

Types

Indefinite article

an

Example

Please hold me an autobiobiography.

Use

It precedes a word that begins with a vowel.

a

Example

Please hand me a book.

Use

It precedes a word that begins with consonant.

Definite article

the

Example

Are you going to the party this weekend?

Use

To limit the meaning of a noun to one particular thing.

Use

Uded to define a noun as specific or unspecific.

副词 - adv. (adverb)

Types

Degree

Example

She entirely agrees with him.

Time

Example

He came yesterday.

Place

Example

Please sit here.

Manner

Example

He speaks slowly.

Use

Used to modify a phrase, clause or sentence.

Used to modify a verb, an adjective or another adverb;

形容词 - adj. (adjective)

Superlative adjective

Examples

Justin Bieber in the most popular singer in Canada.

Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.

Use

Used to describe the extreme quality of one thing in a group of things.

Comparative adjective

Examples

I want to have a more powerful computer.

Chris is taller than John.

Use

Used to describle the difference between two things

Adjective

Examples

A dark sky

An interesting story

A green car

Use

Used to describle a person or thing.

代词 - pron. (pronoun)

Indefinite pronoun

All, another, any, anybody/anyone,anything,each, everybody/everyone, everything, few, many, nobody, none, one, several, some, somemody, someone,etc.

Examples

They lost everything in the earthquake.

Can anyone answer this question?

Use

It is vague and " not definite".

An indifinite pronun does not refer to any specific person, thing, or amount.

Conjuctive pronoun

Relative pronoun

Who, Whom, Whose, Which, That

Examples

The person whose phone just rang should stand up.

The person that phoned me last night is my teacher.

Use

Related to the word that its relative clause modifies.

Used to introduce a relatice clause.

Interrogative pronoun

Who, Whom, What, Which, Whose

Examples

What do you want?

Who told you?

Whom did you tell?

Use

Represents the thing that we don`t know.

Used to ask queations.

Reciprocal pronoun

Each other, One another

Examples

The gangsters were fighting one another.

John and mary love each other

Use

Used when each of two or more subjects is acting the same way towards the other.

Reflexive pronoun

Plural

Themselves

Yourselves

Ourselves

Singular

Himself / Herself / Itself

Yourself

Myself

Use

End in "-self" (singular) or "selves" (plural).

Used to refer back to the sentence or clause

Demonstrative pronoun

Plural

Those

far in distance or time

These

Singular

That

This

near in diatance or time

Use

To show, indicate or point to a thing or things.

Posessive pronoun

Nominal possessive pronoun

Theirs

Yours

Ours

His / Hers / Its

Yours

Mine

Adjectival possessive pronoun

Their

Your

Our

His / Her / Its

Your

My

Use

Show ownership replace noun phrases

Personal pronoun

Object

Them

You

Us

Him / Her / It

You

Me

Subject

They

You

We

He / She / It

You

I

Use

Represent people, places or things