导图社区 三大从句导图笔记
下图总结了三大从句的知识点，包括名词、定语、状语从句，介绍了各种从句以及例句，希望梳理的内容对你有所帮助！
下图梳理了英语时态，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时等。
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从句
定语从句
含义：一个句子作定语修饰限定名词
关系词
作从句中的主语
The women who lives next door is a famous dancer.
作从句中动词的宾语
I would really like to find a friend who I can trust completely.
从句中介词的宾语
I like the people who I work with.我喜欢那些和我一起工作的同事。
作宾语的关系词可省略
关系代词 从句中缺少成分（主、宾、表）
who,whom
先行词只能是指“人”
区别
Who前面不能与介词搭配使用（who是主格）
whom在定语从句中只能做宾语或表语
The lawyer whom my brother called
用代入法：把先行词带入到到从句里
Which
先行词只能是指“物”
We are studying sentences which contain adjective clauses.(我们正在学习带有定语从句的句子）
这里的先行词可以是单个名词、一个短语、一个句子
that，whose
先行词可以指“人”或“物”
that不能用在非限制性定语从句中，不能用于介词后
whose表示人或物的所有关系，后面接名词（同物主代词）
I know a friend whose brother is a pop singer.
关系副词 从句中不缺成分（主、宾、表），仅需补充状语
When
可引导非限制性和限制性，先行词必须是表示时间的名词
必须在其引导的定语从句中作时间状语
I will never forget the day when I met you
Where
在从句中作地点状语
This is the town where I spent my childhood.
Why
只引导限制性定语从句
This is the reason why I didn’t come here.
限制与非限制
限制性定语从句—范围不确定—不用逗号隔开
I don’t like people who are never on time.
翻译成….的
非限制性定语从句—范围确定—用逗号隔开
专有名词
My mother,who is 50 this year,lives with me now.
类指名词
An elephant,which is the earth’s largest land mammal,has few natural enemies other than human beings.（很少有天敌，除了人类之外）
翻译成各种状语形式（原因、让步、条件）
关系词不能省略，不能用that。
与同位语的区别
定语从句结构：“名词+that+不完整句子”
The rumor that he speared everywhere turned out to be untrue.
同位语从句结构：“名词+that+完整的陈述句”
The rumor that Tom was a thief turned out to be untrue.
名词从句
主语从句
陈述句
常见的主语从句句型
It is+过去分词+that从句
It’s reported that 据报道
It is generally thought that 人们普遍认为
It must be pointed out that 必须支持指出
It is +形容词+that从句
It is clear that 显然…
It is strange that 奇怪的是…
It is natural that 很自然…
It is +名词短语+that从句
It is no wonder that 难怪…
It is a shame that 遗憾的是…or…真是太不象话了
It is an honor that 真荣幸…
“That+ 陈述句”
That English is important is an undoubted fact.
一般将it作形式主语放在句首，从句放句尾
It is an undoubted fact that English is important.
一般疑问句
Whether+把一般疑问变陈述句
Whether he comes or not makes no difference to me .
特殊疑问句
变陈述句语序
Why he refused to cooperate with me is still a mystery.
宾语从句
“That+陈述句”
Many people pretend (that) they understand modern art.
只有宾语从句的that可省略
“Whether/if+陈述句”
She always tells me whether/if my picture are good or not?
只有宾语从句才能用if引导（不能用if or not)
“把特殊疑问句变成陈述句语序”
They always tell you what a picture is ‘about’.
表语从句
“that+陈述句”
My idea is that the child should be sent to school.
“Whether+陈述句”
My concern is whether he comes or not.
变陈述句
The point is when you will become rich .
总结：表达“什么是什么”
同位语从句
The rumor that Tom was a thief turned out to bo untrue.
可能与其被修饰的名词被分隔开
They spread the lie everywhere that Tom was guilty of theft.
They are faced with the problem whether they should continue to work.
I have no idea when he Weill return.
常见所解释的抽象名词
Fact事实 news 消息 theory 理论 idea 主意 suggestion 建议 report 报告 question 问题
状语从句
时间状语
主句一般将来+从句一般现在
I will speak to him when he arrives.
从句谓语动词通常是短暂动词
在…时刻
While
从句的谓语动词通常接延续动词
在…期间
Until
延续动词+until+短暂动词或时间点
Wait until he comes back.
短暂动词+until+短暂动词或时间点
要变成否定 not…until（直到…才）
He didn’t leave the office until his boss came back.
一…..就 主句从句的谓语都是短暂动词
从句动作先与主句
As soon as Once The minute The moment The instant Immediately Directly Instantly
We will leave as soon as it stops raining.(主将从现）
主句动作先与从句
hardly When Scarcely…when No sooner…than
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.(刚才）（倒装）
地点状语
“where+陈述句”
A driver should slow down where there are school.
Where there is a will,there is a way.(有志者，事竟成）
放句首要灵活翻译
原因状语
常见连词
Because
语气强烈！能回答why
My friend dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
As/since
已知的事实，译成由于/既然
Since we don’t have class tomorrow,why not go out for a picnic?
As Monday is a national holiday,all government offices will be closed.
For
表推断的理由，解释前面的内容
It rained last night,for the ground is wet this morning .
常见介词 后面不能接从句
because of
due to
We had an accident due to his carelessness.(名词短语）
Owing to
位于句首
目的状语
so that in order that that
I turned off the TV in order that my roommate could study in peace and quite.
常常含有情态动词
may/might Can/could
结果状语
so+副词/形容词+that
So late that
such+名词+that
Such a way that
倒装表强调
将so/such引导的部分置于句首
So terrible was the storm that roofs were all ripped off. The storm was so terrible that roofs were all ripped off.
条件状语
真实条件句
if 如果
unless 如果不/除非
其他引导连词
suppose 假设 supposing +that Provided 提供 so long as as long as On conditions that
虚拟条件句
“从句往前推，主句四加一”
假设现在
if从句 一般过去时 were
主句 could+do would should might
假设过去
if从句 过去完成时 had done
主句 could+have done would should might
If I had told her the result,she would have know it.
if we had not been late,we would not have missed the appointment.
被动：had been done—would have been done. 否定：had not been done—would never have been done.
假设将来
if从句 一般过去时 Were
让步状语
常见连词+陈述句/形容词/分词
thougu although even though even if
主句不用but,能用yet,still
介词+（动）名词/what引导的从句
despite in spite of For all
While位于句首表“尽管”
as引导的倒装句表让步
adj. adv. 分词. +as+主语+谓语动词 名词（无冠词） 短语
Child as he is,he is knowledgeable.
比较状语
as 和…一样
结构一：as+形容词/副词+as
结构二：as+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数+as
否定中第一个as可用so代替
倒装：as…as+助动词+主语
than 比较
同类事物，主句必须要有比较级
He is taller than I.
倒装句式：than+助动词+主语
表示倍数
结构一：“倍数+比较级”：A is three times bigger than B
结构二：“倍数+as…as”：A is three times big as B
结构三：“倍数+名词”：A is three times the size(形容词对应的名词形式） of B
越…越…
The more…,the more
The more exact words you use,the more easily people will understand you. 充当use的宾语。充当understand的方式状语。
两者都需要在各自的分句中充当成分
