介词

这是一篇关于高中英语语法介词的思维导图，主要涉及的内容是介词的分类和聚合，还有就是英语短语的常见的搭配。

介词

• 概念
  • 介词是一种虚词，不能单独使用，必须用在名词、代词、动名词，或what等引导的宾语从句前面，并与之一起构成介词短语，在句中作定语、状语、补语、和表语。
• 分类
  • 按结构分
    • 简单介词
      • as,by,for,in,on,at,of,with,like,during,until,before
    • 合成介词
      • into,onto,inside,outside,within,without
    • 重叠介词
      • from behind,from among,until after
    • 分词介词
      • concerning,regarding,respecting,considering,including
    • 短语介词
      • 至于，关于 as for,as to,多达 up to
      • 因为owing to,thanks to,due to,because of
      • 根据according to,接近next to,离开away from
      • apart from,aside from
      • ahead of,regardless of
      • instead of,rather than
      • along with,together with
  • 按意义分
    • 表时间
      • at,in,on,for,during,after,before,until,till,since,from,to
    • 表地方
      • at,in,on,for,to,towards,along,above,below,over,under,beside
    • 表进行
      • be at work,be on fire,be under construction
    • 表原因
      • for,at,as a result of
    • 表方法
      • earn his living by writing,pay by cheque,go by bus
      • cut it with a knife,translate with a dictionary
      • achieve success through hard work,learn through experience
      • speak in English,write in ink,say it in a few words
    • 表数量
      • 大约about,round,around,超过over
    • 表程度
      • increase by 10%,reduce sth by half,be overcharged by $3
• 考点考法
  • 常见介词的一般用法
    • 填空
      • This trend, as a method of…(as),eat with their hands(with)
    • 改错
      • play the game for them(for改为with)
      • saw a toy on a shop window(on改为in)
  • 词组或习惯搭配中的介词
    • 动词+介词
      • dream of/about,search for,leave for,focus on
    • 动词+副词+介词
      • go back to,date back to,get along with
    • be +分词/形容词+介词
      • be devoted to,be based on,be aware of
    • 介词+the+名词+介词
      • in the middle of,with the help/development of
    • 名词+介词
      • a degree in,time for,connection with/to,reason for
    • 介词+名词
      • at the same time,as a result,in a hurry,for a while
    • 短语介词
      • next to,out of,far from
    • 动词+名词+介词
      • take part in,take advantage of,make use of
    • 动词+冠词+名词+介词
      • pay a visit to,get the hang of,have an effect on
    • 动词+……+介词
      • treat sb as,praise sb for,prevent…from,remind sb of
    • 其他
      • more/less…than,from…to,to and from
  • 及物动词后多用介词
    • They have also bought for some gardening tools.(删除for)