不定式思维导图

这是一篇关于不定式的思维导图。该思维导图总结归纳了不定式的基本知识点，以及如何运用的问题，和运用不定积分解题的方法和技巧。

to do不定式

• 句法功能
  • 不定式相当于名词、形容词、副词，在句中做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾补
• 做主语
  • 相当于名词或代词，通常用it做形式主语，然后将不定式置于句尾
  • To see is to believe(不定式表示一次性的动作)
  • It is+adj.+for/of=to do sth.
    • 用kind/nice/good/polite/rude/patient等描述人的品质的词语用of， 修饰不定式时用for
• 做宾语
  • 不定式一般作动词的宾语，不直接做介词的宾语，但”疑问词+不定式“可作介词宾语
  • afford,agree,arrange,ask,care,choose,decide,demand,determine,expect,help, hesitate,hope,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promose,refuse,want,wish等后加不定式可直接作宾语
  • find/make/think/consider+it(形式宾语）+adj.+to do
• 做表语
  • 可表示主句的具体内容、目的等，一般指将要发生的
  • His dream is to be a lawyer.
• 做定语
  • 一般放在被修饰词后，多表示将来的动作
  • I have someting to do.
  • I'd like to have a chance to see him again.
• 做状语
  • 原因状语
    • I am glad to hear the news.
  • 目的状语
    • to do表目的时放句子后前面不用加逗号
    • in order to do/so as to do You need to be very kind in order to make friends easily. In order to make friends easily,you need to be very kind.
  • 结果状语
    • only to do(表出乎意料的结果)/too.....to.../enough to........ He is old enough enough to take care of himself.
  • 固定用法
    • to tell the truth/to be honest/to be exact/to be frank/to begin with/to be sure
• 做宾补
  • ask/advise/tell/force/get/allow/want/wish/prefer/expect/encourage/permit/order/warn+sb.+to do
  • make/let/have+sb.+to do
  • help sb,(to)do sth./help (to)do sth.
• 特殊用法
  • 特殊疑问词+to do sth.相当于名词 When to leave for Beijing has not been decided.
  • 在含有expect和but的句中，前有实意动词do，后面可省略to I can do nothing but wait for him.
  • 不定式主动表被动
    • 主+系+表+to do
    • be to blame/be to rent
    • 有序数词，最高级，the only，the very修饰
    • want/need,requre+doing表被动