英国移民思维导图

英语国家社会与文化第二单元思维导图，讲述了英国不同时期的移民，包括早期移民、近期移民、新移民等方面内容，感兴趣的收藏下图阅读吧！

Chapter 2 Human Resources: A Nation of Immigrants

• America is composed of many racial and ethnic groups and the United States is a nation of Immigrants.
• The Early Immigrants
  • Precondition
    • The American continent was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492.
  • Reasons
    • To find hope in a new world .
    • Conflict of religious beliefs.
    • To get rid of political oppression.
  • The English
    • Failure
      • When: before the 1660s
      • Where: Jamestown, Virginia
      • Why: dreamed of reaping large profits in the New World
      • Influence: famines, pestilence and Indian troubles destroyed the whole colony
    • New England
      • Reasons
        • They have been plagued by a faltering European economy .
        • North America gave them land to live on and improve their economy .
      • Influences
        • They brought religion, law and the English language to the New World .
        • They laid the foundations and set the directions for the future development of American society.
        • Influence on later American colonial groups.
  • The Germans
    • Reasons
      • They came to the New World for a combination of economic,religious, and political reasons.
    • Characteristic
      • Whenever the Germans went, they ptospered.
      • They had little desire to blend with the rest of the population.
  • The Scotch-Irish
    • Reasons
      • English commercial law restricted the export of Irish wool.
      • Religious reasons.
      • Four years of drought in a raw.
      • The internal push of the Irish people.
    • Characteristics
      • They were forever on the move.
      • They had stern morality.
  • Other Ethnic Groups
    • Characteristic
      • They constituted a small percentage of the total population.
      • Their influence was not lasting.
• The Old Immigrants
  • Time
    • From the early 19th century to 1880.
  • Reasons
    • Economic suffering.
    • Religious intolerance.
    • Demeaning social degradation.
    • Political upheavals.
  • The Irish
    • Reasons
      • The Irish Poor Law of 1838.
      • The enclosure movement on the land.
      • The great famine at the end of 1840s.
  • The Germans
    • High immigration growth
      • Reasons
        • Crop failures,high rents ,high prices, and the changeover of industrial economy .
        • Encouragement from friends and relatives in America.
    • Low immigration growth
      • Reasons
        • Massive shipwrecks and cholera outbreaks.
        • Nativism ran high in the United States, and the American economy turn down.
        • The Civil War broke out.
  • The Scandinavians
    • Reasons
      • Economic factors
      • Social difficulties
      • “America fever”
  • Other Ethnic Groups
• The New Immigrants
  • The so-called “new immigrants” refer to the southern and Eastern Europeans.
  • Time
    • Between 1880 and 1920.
  • The Italians
    • Reasons
      • Horrendous conditions at home
        • Unemployment, high birth rates,overpopulation, cholera and malaria epidemics.
      • The economy slackened.
        • The prices of major agricultural products declined drastically on the world market.
      • A change in national policy.
  • The Jews
    • Reasons
      • The Jews were victimized by aliens in the land of their birth.
  • The Slavs
    • Included Russians, Ukrainians, Slovaks, Slovenes, Poles, Croatians, Serbs, and Bulgarians.
    • The Poles was the largest of the Slavic group
      • Reasons
        • Partly attributed to the acute poverty in territory controlled by Russia.
        • Partly attributed to the suppression of Polish culture and nationalism in the sections of Poland under German domination.
  • Other Ethnic Groups
• The Most Recent Immigrants
  • Included
    • The refugees coming to the United States as a result of Hitler’s persecution’s, World War Two, and the Cold War.
    • The immigrants who have become eligible for admission to the United States because of the new immigration law of 1965.
  • The Filipinos
    • The Filipinos are now the second largest group in the Asian American community, second only to the Chinese.
    • Many of the Filipino newcomers were professional workers.
  • The Vietnamese
    • The Vietnamese are the Asians attracting most attention in America.
    • Reason
      • They came suddenly and dramatically after the fall of the U.S.-backed government in Vietnam in the spring of 1975.
  • The Koreans
    • The number of Koreans in the United States before 1950 was not large.
    • With the passage of the 1965 Immigration Act, many Koreans began to emigrate to the United States.