导图社区 ACCA科目F6(tx)
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编辑于2019-09-04 14:55:17F6
1.un system and administration
function
economic
social
redistribute income and wealth away from the rich towards the poor
direct/indirect/progressive
emvironmental
分类
1
direct
indirect
2
capital
revenue
UK system
HMRC
CPS
crown prosecution service
tax tribunal
first-tribunal
upper tribunnal
source
legal force
逃税避税
逃税evasion
避税avoidance
ISA
2w cash and share
interest/dividend 免征个税
share 卖掉,CGT免征额度2w
GAAR (general anti-abuse rule)
不能钻法律的空子
ethical
honestly and objectively ,with due care and diligence ,integrity
adviced/ cease to act for the client
inform HMRC and make money laundering
10.NIC
for ee
class 1ee
ee
ee's monetary earnings 工资、奖金、代金券、正的AMA(只有0.45)
不可减
part time 年区间-月区间-monetary earnings-NIC
class 1er
er
ee's monetary earnings
er trading profit 中减掉
3000的减免额
class A
er
ee's non-monetary earnings
er trading profit 中减掉
for self-employment
c2
自己承担
2.95/week trading profit >6205
不可减
c4
自己承担
三条之后的trading profit
不可减
限制不变, 不同于class 1er
3.trading profit
badges of trade
subject matter
艺术品
矿泉水
frequency of similar
ownership
短好
marketable
profit motive
way acquired
finance
intentions
数字调整
税的处理
expenditure
总结
expense
BU
结果不可人为操纵
fine and penalty
ee√(可以减)
trader X
depreciation & amortization X
capital X //revenue √
lease charge for cars
<110 √
>110 15% X
entertaining
ee√(可以减)
customers and suppliers X
gift
ee√(可以减)
custimers
每人每年50,超过全不能减
no food/drink/tobacco/vouchers
advertisement
donation (business 捐的)
trading
local not national
正能量
legal fee
√
BU
renewing a short lease(50)
别人犯错误 breach the contract
domain name
debts
patenes
X
new share capital
initial short lease
自己犯错
other
ee education
stolen by ee
redundancy
subscriptions
accountancy and aduit fee
patent
written off
special bad debt provision
工钱没发,9个月
pre-trading expenditure前7年当开业后第一年
expense for trader X
deemed sale
利润、成本
income under other scheme
减掉
exempt income
税务局犯错
not in p/l
私物公用——减掉
amortization of premium
[p-p*2%*(D-1)*1/D*N/12]
capital allowance (plant and machinery)
格式
TWDV/b/d addition not for AIA for AIA disposal balance WDA TVDVc/f
main poor
卖——lower of original cost and disposal
AIA 新增资产
不包括 cars
先调上限20w,再调AIA limit*n/12
减的时候只看for AIA部分
顺序!special/main pool/short/private SMSA
18% WDA
n/12
accounts--9 months
special pool
包括
long-life assets 25,10w
high emission car 110
integral features
AIA
8% WDA
motor cars (<50)
100% FYA
二手——main pool
不*n/12
short-life assets (<8),除了车
AIA
18%/8% WDA
private use
加一列BU%-----变号!
AIA
18%/8% WDA
ba/bc
不*n/12
情况
单独一列 被卖掉,有balance
pool<0
最后一期不算AIA/WDA
small pool WDA
<1k * n/12
cash basis
条件
《15w,开始了以后《30w
proforma
receipts less expense payment
买motor car/land/building 不可以减
用车——0.45,0.25
会计做法
比较税和会计,不一样进行调整
利润分配
确定期间,trading profit
1/12
change 2段
salary
1/12
interest
1/12
年化利息率
PSR
balance
change 2段
时间调整
重点:找BP
general rule
open
画会计期间
画税年
开业所在的税年
找bp123,画一段
1
2
tax里面找accounting date
有
12个月吗?
超过
等于
小于
没有
3
看一段,n/x
看清可能原本会计期间是18个月
overlap profit
利润以后弄
损失现在弄,在税年里面减掉
close
找倒一、倒二tax year
倒数第二个bp
general
找到倒数第一个bp
倒数第二剩下全部
overlap
partner join、close
5.employment income
employment/self-employment
control
must accept
equipment
benefit
helpers
responsibility
taxable
核算范围是tax year
salary
year/month
tax year
bouns
员工(较早)
paid
entitled to pay
董事(早)
paid
entitled to pay
credit to company account
late
end of period of account
amount determin
benefit
living accommodation
relevent--exempt benefit
necessary
customary
special security arrangements
与房子有关的费用 (net earnings*10%)
total employment income-expense-pension contribution=net earning
not elevent
basic 高的
annual rental
买--没有annual rental
annual value
additional 买的,超75000
(cost/MV+subsequent improvment-75000)*2,5%
买-给第一个员工>6年——MV
improvment——before the tax year
total benefit
taxable=total*1/12*(1-BU)-payment 员工给老板的租金
水电费也是福利
car
car benefit=%*(list price-capital contribution)*n/12-payment 员工付的买车钱5000 员工付的租车钱
+4%,最高都是37%
pool car警车,免税
车的保险、修车费,免税 chauffeur cost司机,算福利
car fuel
%*23400
permanently caeased *n/12
初、末同时出现提供油——临时的
不考虑员工给老板的油钱,除非是全部没有福利了
company van
3350/633 *n/12-员工给老板的钱
interest-free and cheap loans 借的钱超过1w才算 福利是利息差
average
tax year交集loan period
尾:还钱之前
n/12
strict
interest on offical rate (取较小的)
指定
未指定
interest paid to er
指定
未指定——strict
a-b
other asset
total charge higher
20%MV first provide
rent paid by er
taxable=total charge *n/12 -payment 员工付给老板的租金
无形服务,员工福利是老板的新增成本
gift higher
present MV-payment(员工给老板)
MV first provided-(MV first provided*20%*no.)-payment(员工给老板) 资产转移前员工使用的年数
vouchers
老板的成本就是你的福利
exempt benefit
staff canteen---for all ee
overseas daily 10 UK 出差 5免税
sports,不对大众开放
work buses
workplace
training
removal expense 8000免税
party 150免税
在家工作,一周4免税
long services award 免税额一年50
trivial benefit 免税50
第一部私人手机
child benefit
ANI<5w
0
5w-6w
child benefit receive*(ANI-5w)/1w
6w
received
AMA 私车公用
allowance given
less 0.45,0.25
business use
ordinary commuting---no 不算进去
travel to customer---BU
temporary--<24month
expenditure 员工自己花的钱,为工作服务
clothes——不能减
occupation pension donation on payroll
直接从算税收入中减掉
subscription,relevant
liability insurance
PAYE
回去看以前的书!!!!
PAYE
总论
er's duty
how work
real time information (RTI)
full payment submission (FPS)
payment
电子:税月末后17天 纸质: 14
average monthly payments less than 1500
tax quarters 7.10.1.4月5号
code
L
full personal allowance
M
receive 1190
N
giving 1190
number=personal allowance-当期没证-benefit-过去没付的
forms
P60
给员工taxable/income tax/NIC 5.31下一税年
P11D
给HMRC和员工benefit 7.6 下一税年
P45
leaving
interest and penalties
daily interest n/12,1/365
penalties ,超过6月payment
1-9 100 10-49 200 50-249 300 250 400
additional penetly due 5% of tax and NIC due
7.property business profit
property
cash basis 默认的
rent received-expense paid
accurals
rent receivable-expense payable
两种情况
选择
必须要用 15w * n/12
same method less()
security disposal
有权支配才能确认收入
replacement furniture relief
initial cost不可以减
replacing cost可以减
旧的卖掉的钱可以抵减新的
提升性质的不能减
restriction to fiance costs
special rule
前提
个税下
出租给别人居住
higher、additional rate taxpayer
proform 中 less interest(interest*50%)
less:tax liability中 (interest*50*20%)
mileage allowance
0.45/0.25
room
cash basis 默认
gross rent<7500------免税收入,收入不加,费用不减 也可以用一般方法算,选负数
gross rent>7500------租金-费用 租金-7500 选一个小的
premium
房东
发生这年确认收入,只确认一次
P- P*2%*(D-1)=assessable amount
房客
无形资产摊销
[P- P*2%*(D-1)]*1/D*n/12
8.furnished holiday lettings
前提条件
装修好的
能力210
实际105
常住<155
区别
用capital allowance 规则代替replacement relief
没有special rule
disposal 用entrepreneurs,rollover,holdover
relevent earings√
9 pension
体系
self-employment
pp
employed
pp
op
tax relief
ANI=NI-PP-GAD
BAND=X+PP+GAD
EI=X-OP-payroll d
总结
员工自己交的pp,net/band/占用AA
老板交的pp,占用AA、免税、从老板的tp减去
员工交的op,占用AA,从员工的EI减去
老板交的op,占用AA,免税福利,从tp中减去
tax relievable contribution (lower)
MAA (higher)
3600
relevent earning(没有property business income)
gross
/80%
总结
超过MAA
op <=MAA TRC EI-X >MAA x x
pp <=MAA TRC net/band >MAA x gross/band
做题影响因素,步骤
pp/op,自己交的
MAA
TRC
PA(ANI-TRC)
BAND(X+TRC)
annual allowance
annual allowance (TRC<AA)
以前年度的AA
15-19 4W AA
可以往前面带三年,当年先,前三年越早越先
今年的AA higher,超过15w吗?
1w
tapered aa=4w-(adjust income-15w)/2
AI=net income+4种pension,除了员工自己给的pp
总的AA
AA-TRC
累加到算liability的线上面,20%40%45%
receive
55
flexi-access drawback
一次性25%,免税
剩下的投资
lifetime allowance
103w
additional
55%,lump sum
25%,funds
老板交的养老金
no limit
占用AA,lifetime allowance 额度
老板免税福利,从trading profit 中减去
2.income tax
tax year
residence
ANR
16
46/以前
90/海外工作
AR
183
only home
full time job
ties
close family
house
work
过去两年至少一年超过90
在英国最多时间
只有previously resident 才有
proforma (gross/无负)
saving
免税的:premium bond NSI(来自saving) ISA
gilts 不免税
附录
dividend
ISA
deductible interest(loan) 贷款利息
buy plant or machiney partnershi and employment
buy interest in employee-control company
invest in a partership/ co-operative
less PA
personal pension
TRC
gross
MAA
3600
relevent
11850-(ANI-10W)/2
ANI=net income - gross personal pension - gross gift aid donation
相关知识点child benefit
夫妻之间转PA (有没用完的,都是Basic)
转出方
new PA=PA-1190 再算new tax
转入方
PA不改变,税-238
23/4/5之前申请
得到 taxable income 算 tax liability
BAND
start
不变5k
basic
34500 + gross personal pension + gross gift aid donation
high
15W + gross personal pension + gross gift aid donation
taxpayer non-saving dividend
0-BRB
BRB-HRB
HRB-
saving
0-START
start-BRB
BRB-HRB
HRB-
allowance
saving allowance
考虑taxpayer
dividend allowance
2k
把不是0的变成0税率
减去interest relief 50%*20%
Less PAYE
19.VAT
分类
standar
vat=exclusve price*% inclusive* %/(1+%)
exempt
bc免税—行业、B不是增值税注册户
没有input
cost要加VAT
supplies
fiancial
betting and gaming
burial and cremation services
zero
必需品
food
printer for reading
construction
transport
clothing
资格
registration
compulsory (任一满足就要强制注册)
historical (每月月末)
previous 12th 85000,不含税应税销售额
通知税务局—达到,超过85000,月底后30天
通知的下个月生效
future (每天)
未来30天,85000
通知税务局,30天结束
30天开始生效
voluntary registration
好处
0-rate,有input
customer vat-registration,input 退回 cost下降
坏处
customer not vat-registration selling price提高
pre-registration input vat 可以退回input
good
BU
还在公司内
注册前4年
service
BU
注册前6个月
deregistration
compulsory
无应税交易
30天之内通知税务局
cessation 那天生效
voluntary
接下来一年不超 83000
税务局收到申请那天生效
征税
return、payment
一个季度一交
online
交,相关季度结束1月7天
the tax point (征税时间点) 影响到底在哪个季度进行申报
basic tax point
货物送给客户的那天
服务完成那天
actual tax point
都在之前 较早的 invoice is issued payment is received
都在之后,14天内,invoice 作为
vat payable
general
output
无capital revenue
discount ,实际收到的钱
赠送礼物不当做销售
不超50,12month
sample
免费提供的服务不用算
bu-nbu 要算output (薯片) input可以退回
input
private,input 不退回
entertainment UK customer,不退回
买车有一部分不用于BU,就不能退回 卖车时候不向顾客要vat
坏账发生时的input 来抵output (到期-6个月)不能超wrote of日期
motoring expense
只要有用于BU的,input就能退回 (修车)
算output 员工给老板钱,cash 没给,按照scale charge
refund vat
4year 之内申请退回,以input身份退回
invoice
开发票时限
交易完成30天
一定要开
标准税率
vat registration
contents
发票
date and number
customer‘s name and address
issuer's name and address
增值税
vat registration number
quntity and description of goods supplied
vat-exclusive each supply
rate of each supply
vat-exclusive amount
vat rate
vat amount
vat inclusive amount
vat payable
tax point
default surcharge (申报表、交税迟了)
surcharge period notice--1年后相关税年
期中又犯错 延长当期后一年 罚款2、5、10、15 在surcharge period 当中的 2.5 <400 10.20 最小30
small business
cash accounting
cash basis
条件
未来12月,不含税应税销售额,不超过135w
过去12月不超过160w
advantage
坏账input 抵扣output
没收钱就不交output,现金流好
disadvantage
买东西不好,input 要给钱了才算
annual accounting
只申报1次 poa 9次 上年的10% bp余额+annual vat return
条件
未来12月,不含税应税销售额,不超过135w
过去12月不超过160w
advantage
default surcharge avoided
more accurately
disadvantage
交税、产生销售额时间不相关
flat rate
%*含税总销售额 只关注销售方
条件
未来12月,不含税应税销售额,不超过15w 不含税
过去12月不超过23w (减去长期资产销售额) 含税
1%减免 first year
group
common control uk母子公司
several liable for any vat liability
advantage
内部增值税无
一个集团,一个报表,行政费用变小
dis
limit 更加严格
14.corporation
introduction
accounting prriod----算税
不超过12个月 用来算税的 记得*n/12
financial yea----财年
4.1--3.31 决定税率
proforma
trading profit
没有 private use deemed sales/owner's salary/BU%/assets with private use in CA
只有数字调整,没有利润分配、时间调整
interest income
non-trading received - non-trading payable
trading: buy plant and machinery working capital buy property for trading
non-trading buy property let out share capital
property business income
公司只能用accrual business
没有特殊规则,利息不能减去--fiancial non-deductible
chargeable gain
proforma
proceeds
less:selling expense
less:original cost acquisition expense improvemet
unindexed capital gain
less:IA-original acquirsition improvement
2017/12
expenditure*factor
不能创造loss
indexede capital gain
less:roll-over relief
capiatl gain after relief
capital loss
抵capital gain
抵完还是负的,当期写0,抵下一期
share
same
brfore 9
FA1985 pool 平均法
1985/4之前,,汇总到其
之后,调整IA到17.12/处理当期/汇总
no/cost/indexed cost
less:qulifying charitable donation
不能创造loss
long period of account 分利润 先找AP,再这一步
trading profit
数字调整,除了CA
*N/12
CA for AP
期初期末
8%18%WDA AIA *n/12
调整CA进profit
interest income
accrual
property business income
accrual
chargeable gain
disposal date
QCD
paid date
loss
类型
trading loss来抵扣 total profit
组合
current
carry back
前12个月
carry forward relief
唯一可以自由选择
terminal loss relief
先当期,后向前36个月
property business loss 可以抵减 (没有以前)
current business profit
current total profit
future total profit
capital loss 可以抵减 (没有以前)
current capital gain
future capital gain
步骤
先找accounting period
year/period
profoma
选方法
QCD
timing
电脑性质,不能选金额!!!
current 当期要有loss
back 最多12个月,period
groups
group relief group
要求
each 75%
effective 75%
UK
current period group relief 抵减taxable total profit
surrendering company
trading loss 可以自己用,可以给别人
property business income QCD 自己先用再给别人用
claimant company
先把自己的loss用完
carry forward
所有loss 都自己先用,再给其他公司
accounting period 不 match 只看重叠的部分
capital gains group
条件
每层75%
有效持股50%
有holding company
好处
no gain no loss
ab---c
roll-over relief
administration
notification
AP 结束后12个月
return (later)
相关会计期间12个月后
notice 后3个月
迟交return penalty
fixed
geared
keeping record
AP结束后6年
payment
small and medium
AP后,9个月1天 一年一次
large
taxable total profit+dividend received from 51%=augmented profit > threshold=150w*n/12/(no.of 51%+1) 上一期末
按照季度
CIT*3/n
AP=12m
7/10/13/16-14th
AP<12M
7/10/13/16-14th
final installment
下一个AP开始后数4个月14th
规定日期VS终止日期
规定=终止=3/n
不等于,规定3/12,终止balance
interest 罚息
犯错,罚息
收到的、算收入--税务局犯错
13.inheritance tax
lifetime transfer (拉着他的手理论)
PET 发生时不算税,把数值算出来
transfer of value less:marriage exemption annual exemption current annual exemption b/f PET
transfer of value higher
MV of transfer 转移这天,不是死掉的那天
转出方资产价值减少——龙珠
marriage exemption
5000--爸妈
2500--奶奶
2500--夫妻
1000--其他人
annual exemption
3000,最多带一年 后进先出
CLT(gross/net) 发生时要算税
transfer of value(net/gross) less: annual exemption current annual exemption b/f CLT(net/gross)
共用ae,谁先发生谁先用
转出方有没有交税——net/gross 这里是加减法
计算方法
transfer向过去找7年
找7年有c的
较早的c在下面
band、tare 算iht
325000
发生转移时所在税年的band
只有最上面可以是net *20/80 gross=a+iht trustee paid不是net!!!
算clt,只看clt
ET
spouses
small gift 250 一旦超过全部转pet
生活费
additional tax arising on death (全部gross) 回顾去世前的7年 pet-ct、clt重算 超过band都是40%
算出ihtcalculated on death less taper relief iht paid brefore addtional tax arising on death
band 用去世那年的
death transfer 40%税率 band--death那年的
value of death transfer value 多少,算税就是多少
一般情况
去世那天的MV
特殊情况
proceeds>MV
可扣
funeral
debts/loan
repayment/interest-only mortgages
gambling/verbal 不可以扣
residence nil rate band 只适用于death 阶段
条件同时满足
die after 2017.4..6
遗产价值超过325000
有main residence
direct descendants
lower
125000+配偶转的
房子价值-可以减的mortgages
先nornal,再累加residence
spouse unused nil rate band 一个人死去没用完,转给另一个人死去时候用
basic 325000
new=past*(1+not used%)
residence
lower
125000+配偶转的
new=past*(1+not used%)
房子价值-可以减的mortgages
交税
lifetime
晚
clt所在税年结束的4.30
转移所在月末的6个月
addition clt、pet 受赠人交,7大姑8大姨交
转出方去世月末6个月
death 个人代表交
早
转出方去世月末6个月
个人代表把清单给税务局
12.CGT
条件
non-current assets
other
chargeable
business
non-business
exempt assets
exempt
motor car
premium bond
qualifying corporate bonds
gilt
ISA
部分wasting chattels
death 时转移是免capital gain tax的
chattels and wasting
步骤
entrepreneur relief 申请:交易后1.31后一年
chargeable business,整个店卖掉,机器随之卖掉,店>1年
chargeable business,关门,机器关门后3年卖掉,店>1年
shares personal owned company/employed (前两个条件达成算>1year)
furnished holiday letting accommodation 卖掉(>1year)
residential property 不用住过,只要是用来住的
other gains
less current capital loss annual exemption 从右向左 capital loss b/f
X是 capital gain
gross proceeds
less selling expense
less cost
original cost
acquisition expense
improvement
capital gain before relief 影响因素
special disposal
spouse
cost 转出方=proceeds转出方=base cost转入方
gift or sales under MV
proceeds=MV
part disposal
部分/整体* whole cost = 卖掉的cost
算比重时,不考虑销售费用
whole cost 要算全部的,提升性能要加上
destory
proceeds=insurance received
damage of assets
结合 part and destory
assets cost after restoring 原值-坏脚+修脚
收到的钱全用来修assets ——可以当做交易不存在 capital gain 不存在 insurance=destroy part cost
special assets
chattels and wasting
chattels,tangible and movable
wasting,寿命不超过50年
chattels
wasting
for CA
gain
表
loss
0
not for CA
exempt
non-wasting
表
limit!!
non-chattels
wasting
cost=whole cost*(life-ownership)/life
non-wasting
normal
shares
matching rule
smae
未来30
pool
bonus and right issue
reorganization and takeover
share for share
part disposal
share and cash for share
less relief
PPR——住过就有 (没住过没资格算ppr)
capital gain before relief* (actual+deemed)/total ownership*(1-BU)
deemed
1
abroad,前后有实际
一段结束紧接着去下个地方,可以算作是有一天
2
UK(working),前后有实际,最多四年
一段结束紧接着去下个地方,可以算作是有一天
3
最后18个月
4
3年for any reason,前后有实际
letting (出租)适用于ppr
最低
4w
PPR relief
before relief*(letting period-period in ppr relief)/total ownership
roll-over (卖旧买新)
条件
disposal 卖旧买新
assets
用于BU land and building fixed plant and machinery, goodwill
买新资产必须在-前1后3
新资产买回来那一刻就必须用于BU
计算
卖A 有capital gain
卖旧的买新的剩多少,负数写0
B资产:base cost
%题目,NBU BU比较
depreciation assets (life<60)
征税时间,earliest
新资产卖掉——同normal
新资产不用于trade purpose
新资产买以后10年
申请 late
卖旧资产所在税年之后的4年
取得新资产所在税年之后的4年
hold-over (gift/低价)
条件
disposal 赠与、低价
assets
personal company
share in personal company--上不上市都ok
未上市
furnished holiday lettings
计算
赠送、低价 proceeds取MV
实际赚多少
special rule for share
条件
free
donor's personal company
chargeable non-business assets
MV of chargeable business assets/MV of chargeable* before relief
申请
转让税年以后4年以内 两个人一起申请
算税
个税垫底,E/OG/RP从左到右
band考虑PP/GAD/TRC
只算CGT的三个分类,不要算个税的
11.income tax administration
tax return
paper
19.10.31
online
20.1.31
修改
21.1.31
罚款
迟交
0-3 100 3-6 10/day,90days max 6-12 5% of payable min300 >12 additional 5% 70% 100%, min300
错误
少报税的%
notify
unpaid tax %
keep
not in bu
税年后1.31,再1年 2021.1.31
in bu
税年后1.31,再5年 2025.1.31
交税
poa1
2019.1.31
(17/18payable+class4)/2
poa2
2019.7.31
(17/18payable+class4)/2
bp
2020.1.31
balance class2/CGT
总结
taxpayable+class 4<1000/ 17/18tax超过80%被代扣代缴——0
17/18<18/19_____17/18
17/18>18/19_____18/19
interest and penalty late
poa-interest
应交的*3%
bp—interest、penalty
<1month nil 1-6 5% 6-12 10% >12 15%
退税
4年
HMRC power
国债 (不免个税)
税年
付息日
交易时间
划段,M、G
付息半年 从头到尾持有——cash basis 交易——accural basis