分句成分

这是一篇关于分句成分的思维导图，谓语动词(Predicate Verb/Predicator)：简单动词词组、复杂动词词组、谓语动词是谓语的核心部分，但并不等于谓语的全部。

分句成分

• 中心成分
  • 主语的语义分类
    • 1）Personal Subject & Non-personal Subject
      • ① The postman banged the door.
      • ②A brick hit the woman on the head.
    • 2）Agentive Subject & Recipient Subject
      • ①He killed a snake.
      • ②He suffers with a snake bite.
    • 3）Temporal Subject & Location Subject
      • ①The minutes were unfortunately incomplete.
      • ②This bedroom sleeps six children.
    • 4）Instrumental Subject & Eventive Subject
      • ①His left hand caught the ball and passed it to Tom.
      • ②The exam will take place tomorrow.
  • 谓语动词(Predicate Verb/Predicator)
    • 简单动词词组
      • When we saw this, we all laughed.
    • 复杂动词词组
      • He might have been working in tha lab.
    • 限定动词词组
      • He enjoys listening to pop music.
    • 非限定动词词组
      • Being taken good care of, she recovered very quickly
    • 谓语动词是谓语的核心部分，但并不等于谓语的全部
      • 
  • 宾语的语义分类
    • Recipient Object（受动宾语）
      • She lowered her head and said nothing.
    • Resultant Object（结果宾语）
      • We painted a flower on the wall.
    • Causative Object（使役宾语）
      • She danced the baby on her knees.(=She made the baby dance on he knees.)
    • Metonymic Object（转喻宾语）
      • 
      • They are hatching chickens.=The hen is hatching eggs.
    • Cognate Object（同源宾语）
      • 
      • He slept a peaceful sleep.=He slept peacefully.
  • 补语(Complement)
    • Subject Complement
      • 主补常与系动词连用，形成系补关系（又称“系表关系”），表示主语具有某种身份、特征、性状等
      • Peter seemed (to be) an ideal person for the job.
    • Object Complement
      • 有些及物动词虽然已经有一个宾语，但是意义不完整，所以需要在宾语之后增加一个成分以补足其意义。这种宾语叫做复杂宾语
        • He proved himself an outstanding fighter.
      • 在某些动词之后，宾补须由as/for引出
        • He expressed himself as satisfied.
  • 状语
    • 中心成分
      • Depictive Adverbial/Adjunct（修饰性状语）
        • 时间和地点
          • I've been waiting for a long time.
          • Where there is a will, there is a way.
        • 方式和伴随状况
          • When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
          • She sat near the fire, holding a book in hand.
        • 原因、结果、目的
          • It had to be put off because of the rain
          • He left home very young, never to return.
          • They whispered in order not to wake the child.
        • 条件和让步
          • If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?
          • Although he is a Canadian, he can speak Chinese very well.
    • 外围成分
      • Linking Adverbial/Conjunct（连接性状语）
      • Stance Adverbial/Disjunct（评注性状语）
• 外围成分
  • Stance Adverbial/Disjunct（评注性状语/分离性状语）
    • ①对整个句子进行说明或解释，表明说话人的看法或态度
      • a) I don't think he'll interview you personally.(修饰性状语)
      • b) Personally, I don;t think he'll interview you.(评注性状语)
    • ②位置灵活，通常位于句首（也可用于句中、句尾），需要用逗号隔开
    • ③常由某些副词或者副词词组表示
      • Admittedly（无可否认地), he is a handsome boy, but he is not my cup of tea.
    • ④也可由介词词组、非限定分句、无动词分句、限定分句表示
      • Even more important, he is in charge of the project.
  • Linking Adverbial/Conjunct（连接性状语/结合性状语）
    • 通常由连接副词，解说副词以及相关介词词组表示
    • 12种
  • 呼唤语
  • 插入语
  • 感叹语
  • 句首肯定（否定）词
• 陈若熙xxxxx