speech language

english spenking language思维导图，包括：public speech and humor、accurate and clear language、vivid and lively language三部分。

Speech Language

• public speech and humor
  • what is humor
    • jokes
    • non verbal (行为）
  • what types of humor are there
    • positive
    • negative
      • mocking oneself 自嘲
      • 嘲笑他人
    • wordplay 文字游戏
      • pun 双关
        • 同一个词不同意思，引申义 hot weather、hot girls、hot pots
    • self-deprecating 自嘲
    • unsaid 言外之意
    • physical 肢体动作
• accurate and clear language
  • accurate 语义准确
    • 英语词典
    • 同义词词典
  • clear
    • use familiar word 熟悉词 观众熟悉的词
      • short, homely words of common usage 简短、家常的、大众化的表达
    • choose concrete words 具象词
      • tangible objects:people, places, and things 有形之物的词：人、地方、物品
    • eliminate clutter 表达精炼
      • 删去无用、华丽的词
• vivid and lively language
  • imagery 画面感
    • concrete words 具象词
    • simile 明喻（直白的比较，有共同之处
      • contain the word: like、as、as if
    • metaphor 暗喻
      • 子主题
        • A is the thing you're really talking about, B is what you compare it to to make it easier to understand or rhetorically more powerful, the correct linguistic pattern of a metaphor is B of A
  • rhythm 节奏感
    • repetition 重复
      • repetition of sound 音的重复
        • alliteration 头音（首音节）
        • rhyming 尾音（结尾音节）
      • repetition of words 词语的重复
        • 主题词重复
        • antithesis 对偶
    • parallelism 排比
    • pause 停顿