宾语从句

超详细英语知识，宾语从句知识点总结，可以做宾语的成分，整个句子做宾语叫做宾语从句，形成宾语it。帮助小伙伴快速掌握宾语从句的知识要点！

宾语从句

• 可以做宾语的成分
  • 名词短语
    • I will buy the ticket
  • 代词
    • I love you
• 整个句子做宾语叫做宾语从句
  • 连词 that引导的宾语从句
    • 表示陈述意义 that无实际意义在从句中充当任何成分
    • I don′t think (that) there will be time to do it
  • 连词whether /if引导的宾语从句
    • 可用whether/ if的情况
      • Weather/ if在句中不做成分，但含有是否之意在句中不可省略
        • Do you care whether/ if you win?
    • 只用whether不用if的情况
      • 引导介词后的宾语从句时
        • It depends on whether it will snow tomorrow
      • 与or not连用时
        • I ask your sectreary whether she could come or not
      • 与不定式连用时
        • I really don't know whether to accept or refuse
      • 有些动词如leave/ put /discuss doubt等后的宾语从句常用whether引导
        • I doubt whether he will keep his promise
      • 宾语从句前置，位于句首时
        • Whether they can come here on time, we don't know
      • 在用if，会引起歧义时
        • Please tell me if you need help
          • 如果你需要帮助，请告诉我
          • 请你告诉我，你是否需要帮助
            • 此时用whether
  • 连接代词引导的宾语从句
    • 宾语从句可以由连接代词what who whom whose which等引导，他们在宾语从句中充当主语宾语表语和定语等，因此不能省略
      • Do you know WHO will come this afternoon?
    • What和whatever引导的宾语从句会有疑问用法和陈述用法之分
      • 在疑问用法中，what是引导特殊疑问句的翻译成′什么′
        • Do you know what they need?
      • 在陈述用法中，what索引导的宾语从句并不是一个特殊疑问句，what不翻译成什么，而是相当于the things that what的翻译，根据语境而定
        • I believe what he told me
        • I believe the same that that he told me
  • 连接副词引导的宾语从句
    • 由连接副词when where how why引导，在宾语从句中作状语也可以做表语，不可以省略
      • Could you tell me where you bought it?
  • 宾语从句的位置
    • 动词后的宾语从句
      • Tell your son that watching TV too much is bad for his eyes
    • 介词后的宾语从句
      • I'm interested in what he said
    • 形容词后的宾语从句
      • 在sure certain confident afraid anxious eager aware等形容词后，可以跟that引导的宾语从句，that有时可省略
        • I'm sure that he will come soon
  • 宾语从句的时态
    • 并从句谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语动词的影响，因而在使用时要注意主句从句两部分的时态
    • 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或祈使句时，其宾语从句的时态可以使任何适当的时态
      • I don't know when she will come back
    • 当主句的谓语动词是，一般过去时时，宾语从句的时态一般要用相应的过去时态
      • He told me he had visited london
      • He tells me he has visited london
    • 当宾语从句表达客观事实和规律时，其时态应用现在时
      • The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun
  • 宾语从句的语序
    • 无论何种句子做宾语从句，该宾语从句都要改为陈述语序
      • Why is he leaving?
      • I don't know why he is leaving
  • 不能省略that的情况
    • 在that引导的宾语从句中连接词that只起引导作用无具体意义，不在从句中充当任何成分，因此在口语或者非正式文体中常可省略，但是在下列情况中不可省略
    • 句中出现两个或两个以上的由 that引导的宾语从句
      • 有并列连词连接的两个或多个that引导的宾语，从句只有第一个从句中的that可以省略其余并列从句都能在都要都要保留
        • He said （that） the film was excellent and that he wanted to see it once again
    • That从句中又有其他从句时
      • II am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it
    • It作形式宾语代替that引导的宾语从句时
      • We took it for granted that they would help us
    • 当宾语从句的主语是this that或被this that修饰时
      • He said that this book was very useful
    • 当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时
      • I want to tell you that this problem is very common
• 形式宾语it
  • 当不定式短语动名词短语或从句在句子中做宾语时，为保持平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语而将真正的宾语放在句尾，此时it只起引导作用无意义
  • 两种带形式宾语的常用句型
    • 主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语(形容词/名词/过去分词)+不定式/动名词/宾语从句
      • 谓语+it+形容词做宾补+不定式/动名词/宾语从句
        • He felt it important learning English well
      • 谓语+it+名词做宾补+不定式/动名词/宾语从句
        • We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day
      • 谓语+it+过去分词作宾补+宾语从句
        • I heard it said that the factory was founded in 1990
    • 主语+谓语+it+宾语从句
      • 谓语+it+that从句 常见于like take have put等少数动词之后
        • I take it that they will succeed sooner or later
      • 谓语+it+when/if从句 常见于appreciate enjoy like dislike love hate prefer等少数动词之后
        • I hate it when people smoke in my room
      • 谓语+介词+it+that从句 常见于answer for， depend on， rely on， insist on， look to ，see to ，stick to等结构中
        • I'm counting on it that you will come
      • 谓语+it短语+that从句 常见于bring it to one's attention ，owe it to sb ,take it for granted等结构中
        • I owe it to you that I am still alive