UK

10000 years ago;hunters and gathers、kept demestic animals;make simple pottery、built monuments(the Beakers、Stonehenge、Silbury Hill);Iberians

UK

• Brief Interduction
  • official name:The United Kingdom of Britain and Northern Ireland
    • 子主题
  • the asprct of nature
    • climate
      • temperate maritime
      • changeable,mild
    • plants
      • red rose(national flower)
      • oak(national tree)
    • mountain
      • the highest peak:Ben Nevis(in Scotland)
    • river
      • the longest:Severn
      • the most famous:Thames
  • the aspect of society
    • popolation
    • area
    • famous landmarks
      • Buckingham Palace,London Tower,Big Ben...
    • flag
      • Union Jack(Northern Ireland use the''Ulster Banner'')
• Timeline of England
  • Early Settlement
    • Stone Age
      • 10000 years ago;hunters and gathers
        • keep animals and make simple pottery
    • Neolithic Age
      • kept demestic animals;make simple pottery
    • Bronze Age
      • built monuments(the Beakers、Stonehenge、Silbury Hill);Iberians
    • Iron Age
      • around 700 BC;Celtic people;iron-working
  • The Roman Period(43-410 A.D)
    • Julius Caesar;Emperor Claudius
    • An incomplete occupation:Celts(direct rule)、Scots and Picts(opponents of the Romans)、Gaels
    • Influence
      • built many towns,road,baths,temples and buildings
      • bring the religion:Christianity
      • (Hadrian's wall--the present English-Scottish border
    • reasons for limited influences
      • colonial control
      • no intermarry
      • no impact on language or culture
  • The Germanic Invasions(410-1066)
    • King Arthur
      • magical sword:Excalibur
      • creation: round table
    • Anglo-Saxons
      • found many self-sufficient villages
      • the ancestors of English
  • Viking and Danish invations
    • refer to ''the Pirates from the North'' (Denmark,Sweden and Norway)
    • Viling money: Danegold
    • King Alfred the Great(Wessex)
      • founded a strong fleet:the father of the British navy
      • reorganized the Saxon army--make it more efficient
      • transated a Latin book into English
      • estabished schools andformulated a legal system
    • Danelaw
    • Danish King Sweyn Forkbeard(1013)
    • prince Edward(1042)
      • chosen by Witan to be the English King
      • promised the throne to his cousin:Walliam,Duke of Normandy
    • Harold(1066)
  • The Norman Conquest
    • the battle of Hastings 1066-10-14
      • King Harold died
    • established feudal system
    • introduce Norman-Franch culture,language,manners and arthitecture
  • Mediaeval Period(1066-1485)
    • three forces
      • King
        • made King John signed the Magna Carta(Great Charter) in 1215
      • Roman church
      • Great Barons
    • the Hundred Years' War with France
      • England and France(1337-1453)
      • causes:partly territorial and economic
    • the Wars of Roses(1455-1485)
      • between two branches of the English royal family
        • Lancaster:red rose
        • York:white rose
      • end
        • Henry VII defeated and killed the Richard III
        • the Tudor Dynasty(white-red rose) came into power until 1603
    • the Black Death
      • spread by rat fleas across Europe in the 14th century
      • influence
        • shortage of labor
        • incrreating importance of trade in town
        • helped to weaken the traditional ties between feudal lord and peasants
  • The 16th Century
    • Renaissance
    • 子主题
• Scotland
• William was angry:led the Norman Conquest
• except Wessex
• similar to Hunan province

UK

• Brief Introduction
• Timeline of England
  • ...
  • The 16th Century
    • Renaissance
    • the beginning of the paliament system
    • Henry VIII
    • Mary I
      • made many Protestants to death(Bloody Mary0
  • Queen Elizabeth(1558-1603)
    • virgin queen--the Elizabethan Age
    • literature:the literature of Shakespeare
    • adventure on the sea
  • the 17th Century
    • Elizabeth I died in 1603,they invite James VI of Scotland to become James I of England
    • the two countries were united--Stuart Family
    • the temporary overthrow of the monarch(King Charles)
  • The Civil War(1642-1649)
    • Charles believed he had a ''Divine Right'' to govern
    • two forces
      • King---Cavaliers
      • Paliament---Roundheads
    • result
      • ended with complete victory for the parliamentary forces
    • Restoration
      • 1661,Charles II,to restore the old social order
      • 1685,James II,to reestablish Catholicism
  • Glorious Revolution
    • boodless
    • drew up a Bill of Rights
  • The 18th Century
    • The period began and ended with famous victories,most famous:the Battle of Waterloo
    • In 1783,Britain recogianzes the i dependence of the American colonies
    • the Party System:Whigs,Tories
    • literature:Swift,Defoe
  • the industrial revolution(1750-1850)
    • factors:territoryexpanded;accumulation;inventions
    • James Kay's flying shuttlr(1733)
    • James Watt's steam engine(1765)
    • Hargreaves's spinning jenny(1766)
    • Ark Wright's water frame(1769)
  • the 19th Century
    • became the world's foremost economic power
    • the colonial expansion:India,Africa, China
  • Queen Victoria(1837-1901)
    • popular symbol of Btitain's success
    • Victoria Value
    • national optimism
  • Crystal Palace(1851-1936)
  • the 19th Century
    • Charles Darwin:the Origin of the Species
    • Literature
  • the 20th Century
    • no longer the world's richest country
    • Suffragette Movement
    • Tht Irish asking for 'Home Rule'
    • the Abdication of Edward VIII,1936
    • George VI,1936-52
  • The Fall of the Empire
    • Independence movement--India,Pakistan,Burma,Malaya and Egypt
    • British Commonwealth of Nations
  • Queen Elizabeth II , 1952-
  • Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher91979-1990)
• Scotland
  • basic information
    • capital:Edinburgh
    • largest city:Glasgow
    • Official Language:English,Gaelic,Scots
    • Land:mountainous;from N to S :the highland,the Central Lawlands and the Southern Uplands
    • climate:temperate winters and cool summers
  • other
    • education
      • the University of Edinburgh-medicine and law
      • S.t Andrews University- the birthplace of golf
    • identity
      • costume:kilt,colored designed called a tartan
      • food:haggis
      • music:bagpipe
      • Highlanders:proud,independent and hardy people,farming sheep,fisherman
      • the Scots:handworking, serious-minded and cautions with money
    • festivals
      • The Edinburgh International Festival
      • Burn's Supper 1.25 in meomery of the most famous poet-Rbbert Burns
      • Hogmanay:Scotland's New Year's Eve
    • exports:whisky(water of life)
• Wales
  • basic introcuction
    • population:3.1 million
    • area:20779 square km
    • capital city:Cardiff
    • official language:Welsh,English
    • climate:>20
  • economy
    • the northrn area:sheep farmers
    • the southern area:rich coal deposits-coal-mining;steel manufacture
  • history
    • early settlers:Celtic people
      • conquered by the Romans(Caradoc)
      • Didn't fall to the anglo-Saxon Iinvaders of the 5th century