思维导图王远宁0072

an App Store is typically a website that provides access to specific mobile apps that can be downloaded either for nominal fee or free of charge

Computing essentials

• application software
  • categories
    • general purpose
    • specialized
    • mobile
  • user interface
    • menus
    • toolbars
    • dialog box
    • ribbons
    • tabs
    • galleries
  • common features
    • General-purpose applications
      • Word processors
        • word processors create tax-based documents.
        • individuals and organizations use word processors to create letters,reports,and so on.
        • Microsoft word is the most widely used word processor
      • spreadsheets
        • spreadsheets organize,analyze and,graph numeric data such as budgets and financial reports.
        • profession.Microsoft Excel is the most widely used spreadsheet program
        • they are widely used by nearly every
      • presentation software
        • presentation software are programs that combine a variety of visual objects to create attractive,visually interesting presentations.
        • they are excellent tools to communicate a message and to persuade people.
        • three of the most widely used presentation software programs are Microsoft PowerPoint,Apple keynote, and Google slides.
      • database man-agement systems
        • A database is a collection of related data. A database management system or database manager is a program that structures a database.
        • It provides tools to enter,edit,and retrieve data from the database
        • Two widely used database management systems designed for personal computers are Microsoft Access and Apple FileMaker
  • specialized applications
    • Graphics Programs
      • video editors
      • Image editors
      • illustration programs
      • Desktop publishing programs
    • video game design software
    • web authoring programs
  • Mobile apps
    • traditional applications
      • Address books
      • to-do lists
      • alarms
      • message lists
    • Apps
      • popular apps include those for music,videos,social networking,shopping and game playing
    • App Store
      • an App Store is typically a website that provides access to specific mobile apps that can be downloaded either for nominal fee or free of charge
      • two of the best-known app stores are Apple‘s App Stores and Google play
    • software suite
      • office suite
      • cloud suite
      • specialized suites
      • utility suites
• the internet,the web,and electronic commerce
  • internet and web
    • Internet: launched in 1969
    • web introduced in1991
      • web introduced in1991 4.0 futurists predict connecting data and devices to physical
  • Internet access
    • providers
      • to internet
    • browsers
      • to web
  • web utilties
    • fliters
      • block access to selected sites and set time
    • file transfer utilities
    • internet security suite
  • communication
    • social networking
    • blogs
    • microblogs:short sentences
      • twitter
      • instagram
    • podcasts
    • wikis
    • messaging
    • e-mail
  • search tools
    • search engines
    • content evaluation
      • when use the information on the web considered the authority accuracy activity. currency.
  • electronic commerce
    • b2c
    • c2c
    • b2b
  • internet of things
    • A continuing development of the internet allowing every day of objects embedded with Intenet of things electronic devices to send and receive data
  • cloud computing
    • clients.internet.service provider
• system software
  • system software
    • works with end users,application software,and computer hardware
      • operating system
      • utilities
      • device drives
      • language translators
    • Handles the technical details
  • The boot process
    • Power up
    • start boot program (ROM)
    • Power on self test
    • identify peripheral devices
    • load operating system(RAM)
    • check configuration and customization
  • operating system
    • function
      • manages computer resources
      • Provides user interface
      • runs applications
    • categories
      • embedded operating systems-RTOS (real-time operating systems)
      • stand-alone operating system
      • network operating systems (linked computers)
    • mobile
      • embedded operating system
      • less complicated and more specialized for wireless
    • Desktop (used by individuals)
  • Windows utilities
    • file history
    • disk cleanup
    • disk defragmenter
  • most essential utilities
    • troubleshooting or diagnostic programs
    • antivirus program
    • backup programs
    • file compression programs
  • virtualization software
    • ability to support Multiple operation systems on a single physical machine
• information technology
  • type of computers
    • Supercomputers—most powerful computers
    • Mainframe computers—process large amounts of data
    • Midrange computers— servers
    • Personal computers—PCs five types of PCs
  • Personal computer types
    • Desktop
    • Laptop
    • Tablet
    • Smartphones
  • Personal computer hardware
    • system unit
      • microprocessor
      • memory
    • input/output
    • secondary storage
    • communications
  • Central processing unit
    • word
      • number of bits that can be accessed at one time
    • clock speed
      • number of times that a cpu can fetch and process date or instructions in a speed
    • Multi-core processors
    • Quad-core computer
  • primary storage (memory)
    • RAM(random access memory)
    • ROM(read only memory)
    • Flash
  • Secondary storage(hold data and programs even if power is off)
    • hard disk
    • solid state storage
    • optical disc
    • laser technology
    • CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray
  • Input/Output devices
    • input device: keyboard, mouse
    • output device: display, printer
  • information systems
    • people
      • end uses who use computers
      • most important part of any system
    • Procedures
    • software
    • Data
    • The Internet