07代词

关于英语学科知识与教学代词的知识梳理。包含了疑问代词特殊疑问句引导名词性从句和状语从句等等。喜欢的朋友看看哦。建议收藏细看。

英语学科知识与教学能力

• 代词
  • 定义：代替名词的词。
  • 人称代词/物主代词/反身代词
    • 子主题
  • 指示代词
    • Such
      • 如前所述的人或物
    • So
      • 代替一个句子或短语所述
    • the same
      • 同样地人或物
    • This/these/ that/ those
      • 距离：近指this/these; 远指that/those
      • 表程度，作状语
        • I don't want that much.
      • 打电话，我用this, 你用that
        • This is Lily, whose that?
      • 代替：前this,those; 后this, these
        • She was ill. That's why she did come.
  • 相互代词
    • each other
    • one another
  • 不定代词
    • both/either/neither/all/any/none
    • none/nobody (no one)/nothing
    • one/some/another/other/others/the other/the others
    • many/much/(a) few/(a) little
    • 复合不定代词
      • 构成
        • some-/any-/every-/no- + one/-body/-thing
          • 基本用法
            • anything 否定句和疑问句
            • something 肯定句和有肯定意义的疑问句
          • 口语用法
            • someone/somebody 大人物
            • no one/nobody 小人物
            • something 大事
          • +else 排除自身
            • anyone/anybody+else 别的人
            • nobody/nothing+else 没有别的人
            • everyone/everybody+else 其它所有人
            • someone/somebody+else 某个别的人
      • 习惯用语
        • nothing but 只有，只是
        • something like 有点，大约
        • something of 有几分，在某种意义上
        • or something 之类
  • 疑问代词 特殊疑问句 引导名词性从句和状语从句
    • who
      • 谁，作主语，指人
        • Who is not here?
    • whom
      • 谁，作宾语，指人
        • Whom are you waiting for？
    • whose
      • 谁的，作宾语，后接名词
        • Whose pen is this?
    • which
      • 哪个/些，人或物范围的选项
        • Which girls will be in the sports meeting?
    • what
      • 什么，未指出范围，常指物
        • Whan can you see in the picture?
  • 关系代词 引导定语从句
    • 主格
      • who
        • 限定性指人
      • which
        • 非限定性指物
      • that
        • 限定性指人或指物
    • 宾格
      • whom
        • 限定性指人
      • that
        • 非限定性指人或物
    • 属格
      • of which/whose
        • 限定性指人
      • whose
        • 非限定性指人或物
    • as
  • 替代词
    • 替代同类事物
      • one
        • He bought several books and lent one to me.
      • ones
        • Tom gave me many valuable presents, ones that I had ever seen.
      • the one
        • The book on the desk is better than the one/that under the desk.
      • that
        • The weather here is colder than that of Henan.
      • the ones/those
        • The books on the desk are better than the ones/those under the desk.
    • 替代同一事物 it
      • The film is boring, i don't like it.
  • 代词 it 的用法
    • 形式代词
      • 形式主语
        • It+be+easy/difficult/necessary/possible……(for sb) to do sth
        • It+be+kind/nice/wise/polite+of sb. to do sth.
        • It takes/took sb+一段时间+to do sth.
        • It+be+adj/n.+doing sth.
      • 形式宾语
        • 主语+believe/find/feel/think……it+easy/necessary to do sth.
        • 主语+like/hate/appreciate+it+if/when/that引导的从句
      • 代替
        • 动名词
          • It's great fun climbing mountains on rainy days.
        • that 从句
          • It's fact that the populaation is still increasing.
        • 不定式
          • 子主题
    • 用于强调结构
      • It is/was + 被强调部分+that/who + 其他部分（基本形式）
      • It was not until quite recently that they know the secret about his failure.
    • 指示代词
      • 指代 this/that
        • What's that on the desk? I guess it might be a robot.
      • It is/was+表语
    • 人称代词
      • 指代
        • 时间
        • 距离
        • 天气、环境
      • 指代上文提到的内容
      • 代替
        • 事物
        • 人
          • 婴儿/小孩
            • The baby is crying, it might be hungry.
          • 不知性别
            • Someone is ringing, who might it be?
    • 某些及物动词（like、love、enjoy、prefer、hate、appreciate……）之后若没有出现宾语，而直接跟if/when引导的状语从句，要在从句前使用代词it.
    • 用于固定结构
      • as it is 照现状 take it for granted 认为……是理所当然的
  • 代词的作用
    • 作主语：He and she are in love river.
    • 作宾语：I admire him.
    • 作表语：Who's that speaking?-It's me.
    • 作定语：Her IQ is much higer than anyone else in his class.
    • 作同位语：There is no need to send for an expert, because he him is one.
    • ……
  • 连接代词