Political System

Republic 总统制共和制思维导图，The Separation of Powers三权分立。

Political System

• Presidential Republic总统制共和制
  • The Separation of Powers三权分立
    • Legislative Branch立法部
      • Congress国会
        • The supreme legislative body最高立法机构
        • The Senate参议院（The upper house）
          • Speaker（the Vice President副总统）
          • Senator（30 -year-old）
            • 100 members——Two from each state(50 states in all)
            • Elected for 6-year term
            • Every two years,one third of all senators face reelection改选.
          • Power
            • Makes federal laws
            • Declares wars
            • Approves treaties批准条约
            • The power of the purse and impeachment弹劾(总统)
        • The House of Representatives众议院（The lower house）
          • Speaker——Vote（全院大会选举产生）
          • Congressmen/Congresswomen（25-year-old）
            • 435 members——At least 7 states have one
            • Elected every 2 years（期满全部改选）
          • Power
            • Makes legislative laws
            • Exercise budgetary power行使预算权
            • The power of impeachment弹劾(l联邦官员)
            • Elect the President
    • Executive Branch行政部
      • President
        • 4-year term
        • Duty
          • Nation's chief executive首席执行官
          • Commander-in-chief军队总司令
        • Power
          • Veto legislative bills before they become laws立法法案成为法律之前否决法案
          • Appoints the members of the Cabinet and other officers
          • Administers and enforces federal laws and policies管理和执行联邦法律和政策
          • Meet foreign leaders接见外国领导人
        • The President's Cabinet (简“Cabinet“)
          • Assistants and subordinates employed by the president 总统雇佣的辅助和下属
          • Can't disobey the presdient's orders不能违反总统的命令
      • Constitute组成
        • Executive Agency联邦行政机构
        • State and local administrative agencies州及地方行政机构
    • Judicial Branch司法部
      • Court
        • Constitute
          • Supreme Court最高法院
            • 9 Judges（1名首席大法官，8名陪审法官）
            • Senate approval, President appointment
            • Tenure终身任职
            • Power
              • Hearing appeals from state and district courts审理各州和地区法院的上诉
              • Determine whether federal laws are constitutional判断联邦法律是否符合宪法
              • People who solve illegal laws in each state解决各州违反法律的人
          • Lower Federal Court下级联邦法院
            • Power：Punish those who violate the law惩罚违反法律的人