风险评估思维导图

风险评估是指在风险事件发生之前或之后该事件给人们的生活、生命、财产等各个方面造成的影响和损失的可能性进行量化评估的工作。以下讲述了风险评估、常见的比率、信息来源、审计战略文件、审核计划的目的。

Risk Assessment

• Risk assessment
  • Understanding the entity and its environment
    • ISA315 Identifying and Assessing the Risks of Material Misstatement through Understanding the Entity and its Environment
    • Perform risk assessment procedures to understand the entity and its environment
      • Risk assessment procedures
        • ISA315 erquires auditors to perform the following procedures to obtain an understanding of the entity and its environment,including its internal control：
          • Enquiries
          • Analytical procedures(Must)
          • Observe+process
          • Inspect+record/documents
    • Asssess the risk of material misstatement at the financial statement and asseertion level
• Common ratio
  • Profitability
    • ROCE=PBIT/(Share capital+reserves+NC liabilities)
    • Operating profit margin=PBIT/Revenue
    • Asset turnover=Revenue/(Share capital+reserves+NC liabilities)
    • Gross margin=Gross profit/Revenue
  • Liquidity
    • Current ratio=CA/CL
    • Quick ratio=CA-Inventories/CL
    • Inventory turnover=Inventories/COS*365days
      • Inventories/COS=No. of times turnover
    • Trade receivables days=Trade receivables/Credit sales*365days
    • Trade payable days=Trade payables/Credit purchases*365days
• Sources of information
  • Prior year audit file
    • Identification of issues that arose in the prior year audit and how these were solved.Also whether any points brought forward were noted for consideration for this year's audit.
  • Permanent audit file
    • Provides information in relation to matters of continuing importance for the company and the audit team,such as statutory books information or important agreements
  • Prior year financial statments
    • Provides information in relation to the size of the entity as well as the key accounting policies and dusclosure notes.
  • Financial statements of competitors
    • This will provide information about Sunflower's competitors,in relation to their financial results and their accounting policies.This will be important in assessing Sunflower's performance in the year annd also when undertaking the going concern review,
  • Discussions wiith management
    • Provides information in relation to any important issues which have risen or changes to the company during the year.
  • Sunflower's website
    • Recent press releases from the company may provide background on changes to the business during the year as this could lead to additional audit risks.
• Purpose of audit planning
  • Helping the auditor to devote appropriate attention to important areas of the audit.
  • Helping the auditor to identify and resolve potential problems on a timely basis.
  • Helping the auditor to properly organise and manage the audit engagement so that it is performed in an effective and efficient manner.
  • Assist in the selection of engagement team members with appropriate levels of capabilities and competence to respond to anticipated rusks and the proper assignment of work to them.
  • Facilitating the direction and supervision of engagement team members and the review of their work.
  • Assisting,where applicable,in coordination of work done by experts.
  • Primary purpose
    • To reduce the risk of giving an inappropriate audit opinion to an acceptable level.
• Audit strategy document
  • Overall audit strategy
    • Main characteristics of the engagement
      • the scope of the audit
    • Reporting objectives,timing and nature of communication
      • audit timeable
    • Significant factors affecting the audit
      • The determination of materiality for the audit
    • Preliminary初步 engagement activities and knowledge from previous engagements
    • Nature,timing and extent of resources
      • The selection of the audit team with experience of this type of industry
      • Assignment of audit work to the team members