Chapter 9Competitive Factors

ACCA BT ，包含organisation that affect its competitiveness:影响企业竞争力的活动、Porter’s Value Chain、SWOT Analysis SWOT分析等。

Chapter 9 Competitive Factors 竞争因素

• 3 strategies organizations三种战略
  • Cost leadership成本优势
  • Differentiation 差异化
  • Focus聚焦点
• the activities of an organisation that affect its competitiveness:影响企业竞争力的活动
  • Purchasing采购
  • Production生产
  • Marketing营销
  • Service服务
• Porter’s Value Chain
  • 5 Primary activities五项主要活动
    • inbound logistics向内的输入，可能是原料等
    • operations 加工等操作
    • outbound logistics 向外的输出 产品运输等
    • marketing&sales 市场营销和销售
    • service 售后服务
  • 4 Support activities四项支持活动
    • firm infrastructure 坚实的物质基础
    • human resourece mangement人力调配
    • technology development 技术开发
    • rocurement 采购
• SWOT Analysis SWOT分析
  • S
    • strength强项
  • W
    • weaknesses 弱点
  • O
    • opportunities 机遇
  • T
    • threats威胁
• Porter: Five Competitive Forces五种竞争能力
  • Bargaining power of suppliers供应商议价能力
    • high
      • Few suppliers供不应求
      • Few substitute products少有替代产品
      • High switching costs转换成本高
      • Possibility of integrating forward向前整合的可能性
      • Customers are not significant i.e. small客户不重要，规模小
      • Supplier’s product is differentiated (unique, scarce, very high quality)有差异化
    • low
      • 与high相反
  • Bargaining power of customers顾客议价能力
    • high
      • There are only few number of buyers and plenty suppliers供大于求
      • Alternative sources of supply exist有替代品
      • Low switching cost低转换成本
      • Threat of backwards integration向后整合的威胁
      • Buyers have low profits利润低
      • Buyers have full information about the market对市场情况充分了解
    • low
  • Threat of entry进入市场的威胁
    • Threats of new entrants新进入者对于原有公司的威胁
    • 新公司进入市场的威胁
  • Competitive rivalry with an industry与一个行业的竞争
    • • Competitors are of similar size or bigger, i.e. Wahaha & Nongfu原有企业规模大，难以竞争
    • slow growth in market市场发展慢，规模小，较为饱和
    • high fixed costs 高成本的行业很难打价格战，难以维持公司运营
    • lack of differentiation 缺少差异化
  • Threats(Risk) of substitutes替代品
    • 不管哪个行业出现替代品后，原有商品都会受到一定威胁
• 新公司进入市场，易出现市场门槛高，分销渠道受阻，转化客户成本高，规模量级没有可比性，资金不足，其他成本多的情况 然而，不管新旧公司，解决竞争压力大的途径都是实现差异化，形成独有优势，避免同质化竞争