导图社区 虚拟语气
高中英语语法部分虚拟语气整理,包含如何将正常的条件状语从句改成虚拟语气呢:只需要把已经写好的句子的时态变成它的过去式就OK了。
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虚拟语气
1.与if相关
如何将正常的条件状语从句改成虚拟语气呢?
只需要把已经写好的句子的时态变成它的过去式就OK了。
非真实条件句
从句谓语
与过去事实相反
If+主语+had done
与现在事实相反
If+主语+did
与将来事实相反
If+主语+did/were to do/should do
主句谓语
主语+should/would/could/might+have done
主语+should/would/could/might+do
错综时间条件句
同上(根据具体时间变化)
省略if
如果条件从句中包含有were,had,should,有时可把if省略掉,把were,had,should放在主语前,变成倒装句式。
eg:If it weren't for the rain,I would be going hiking now.
=Were it not for the rain,I would be going hiking now.
代替if(含蓄条件句)
介词或介词短语without/but for等+名词结构代替if条件句表示虚拟语气。(只有主句谓语作出相应的变化。
与将来事实相反的假设
要不然,否则:or,or else,otherwise,but
eg:We didn't know his address,or/otherwise/or else(if we had known his address) we would have wisited him yesterday.
要不是:but that
动词看主句
2.与愿望、建议、要求、命令等相关
宾语从句
suggest,require,order,etc.+宾语从句
在一些表示建议、愿望、要求、劝告等动词的宾语从句中,要用虚拟语气(should) do
1坚持insist(坚持要求)
2命令command,order,direct
3建议advise,suggest,propose
4要求demand,ask,desire,request,require
外加推荐和决定recommand和decide
注意:如果suggest,insist用于其本意“暗示、表明”“坚持认为”,且后面从句中的动作已经发生时,使用陈述语气。
1.He insisted that she was seriously ill.
2.The evidence suggests that single fathers are more likely to work than single mothers.
主语从句
it is important,required,etc.+主语从句
在it is+表示要求、建议、必要、命令等意思的形容词或分词+主语从句的结构中。(should) do
分词
(建议)proposed,suggested,advised,recommended
(请求)demanded,required,requested
(愿望)desired,decided,insisted
(命令)ordered,commanded
形容词
advisable,desirable,preferable,better,essential,important,natural, necessary,possible,probable,strange,urgent,incredible等
也可以是名词:it is a pity(遗憾),it is a wonder(奇迹),it is a shame(耻辱)
eg: It is a pity that she (should) call black white.很遗憾她竟然颠倒黑白。(这里的should解释为“竟然”)
表语或同位语从句
在一些表示愿望、建议、要求、命令等意义的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句后,谓语动词要用虚拟语气(should)do
advice,decision,ide,order,plan,proposal,recommendation,suggestion, opinion,requirement,direction,policy
3.要是……就好了;好像
1.wish+宾语从句
2.if only 表示愿望
3.as if或as though +方式状从/表从
与过去愿望相反
had done
与现在愿望相反
did(were)
与将来愿望相反
would/could+do
4.would rather/had rather+宾语从句
did(be动词一般用were)
5.虚拟语气的其他形式
lest/for fear(that)/in case
以防
(should)do
had expected/hoped/supposed
would do
4.It's high/about time+从句
从句部分用did或should do(是时候做某事)
eg:It's time (that) we went to bed.
eg:It's high time that the article should be published.