名词性从句

名词性从句、连接词、连接代词、连接副词、连接词、主语从句、正常作主语、It做形式主语、Whether 句首句尾都可, 够接or not If 只放句尾等。

名词性从句

• 连接词
  • 连接代词
    • who,whom,whose,what,which, whatever,whichever,whoever
  • 连接副词
    • when,why,how,where
  • 连接词
    • that,whether,if,as if/although (that在介词后/主从/同从不可省，且只做except/in的宾语)
      • I know nothing about him except that he is from America. （介宾）
      • 【That she was chosen】 made us very happy. (that引导主从)
      • We heard the news that our team had won. (that引导同从)
  • 解题技巧： (1)从句语法不完整，选连接代词 (2)从句语法完整但是缺意思，用连接副词或whether/if (3)从句语法完整且不缺意思，用that
    • 【What struck me most in the movie】was the father's deep love for his son.
    • Garndma pointed to the hoslital and said,【"That is where I was born.】
    • We all know【 that light travels faster than sound.】
• 主语从句 Subject Clause
  • 正常作主语
    • 【When he will come back】is still unknown.
  • It做形式主语
    • It’s not important who will come.
    • 由连接代词what/whatever/whoever等引导的主从一般不能用it作形式主语： 【What he found】surprised me greatly.
  • Whether 句首句尾都可, 够接or not If 只放句尾
    • Whether she comes or not makes no difference.
    • It’s doubtful whether/if the teacher knew the plan.
• 宾语从句 Object Clause
  • 做Vt.或prep.的宾语,某些系表类形容词后可直接加宾语 如:certain,afraid,sure,anxious,aware,glad,proud,surprised,worried, sorry,ashamed,determined,pleased,satisfied,annoyed,disappointed
    • I doubt whether he will come. （及物动词：doubt sb. sth.)
    • I am afraid that I have made a mistake. (系表结构形容词后直接加宾语：be afraid that)
  • It形式宾语: 及物动词+it+宾补+宾语从句 介词+it+宾语从句
    • We consider it necessary【that you have a clear understanding of the situation】.
    • You may rely on it【that I shall help you】.
  • 在介词in/except/save/besided/but后可+that 固搭：in that因为; except/save/besides that除了...; but that要不是..
    • After what seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the office.
  • 介词后的宾从只能用whether不可用if
    • I don't care whether/if they are following my advice.
    • It is a question of whether we should go.
  • 以下情况不可省that: (1)当主句位于接两个或以上宾从时，只有第一个从句可省。 (2)当主句和that引导的宾从之间有插入语。 (3)当宾从是复合句，且该复合句的从句在主句前面。 (4)当that宾从是双宾语中的直接宾语时。 (5)当it作形式宾语，that引导的宾从后置时。
    • The teacher told the student 【(that) they should hand in their homework on time and that they would have a test next day.】
    • He didn't know,【 I'm sure】, that John was going to America.
    • He promised 【that if he came back early,he could cook for her.】
    • I will never【 telll anyone that】 you have ever been there. (tell sb. wth.)
    • She makes 【it】 clear 【that the meeting won't be put off.】
• 表语从句 Predicative Cluse
  • 正常作表语，位于系动词后,that不充当成分也不可省
    • The question is【who can complete the difficult task.】
  • 表从可用whether和as if/though引导，但不能用if
    • His first question was【whether Tom had arrived yet】.
    • He looked【as if he was going to impress everything into his mind】.
  • 当主句主语是reason时，表从的引导词要用that 区别: That's why+结果 That's because+原因 The reason why/for +结果 is/was that+原因
    • He is carelss and irresonsible.That was why he was dismissed.
    • he was dismissed.That was because he is careless and irresponsible.
    • The reason why he was dismissed was that he was careless and irreaponsible.
• 同位语从句 Appositive Clause
  • 同位语从句是跟在名词后, 表达具体内容、起解释说明作用的从句。 下面名词可接同从: hope,fact,news,message,problem,conclusion,rumor, agreement,belif,concept,idea,question,sumption,evidence,promise等
    • The 【news】 that I have passed the exam is true.
    • I have no 【idea】 why she cries.
    • We are not looking into 【question】 whether he is worth trusting. （其中whether不可换成if）
  • 同位语从句可不紧跟所说明的名词前
    • The thought came to her【that maybe she had left the door open】 when she left home.
  • doubt在否定句中的同从引导词用that，肯定句用whether
    • There is some doubt whether he will come on time.
    • I have no doubt that he will finish in on time.