英语副词思维导图

这是一篇关于英语副词的思维导图，主要内容有时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、频度副词、疑问副词等。

副词

• 定义
  • 副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句，用来说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。
    • 时间副词
      • now, then, today, before, after等
        • She has a new dress today.
    • 地点副词
      • there, here, home等
        • He went home quietly.
    • 方式副词
      • carefully, well等
        • Please write slowly and carefully.
    • 程度副词
      • much, a little, so等
        • I have only a little money.
    • 频度副词
      • usually, often, sometimes等
        • How often do you go to see your grandparents?
    • 疑问副词
      • how, why, when, where等
        • How do you go to school?
        • Why don't you go by bus?
    • 连接副词
      • how, when等
        • I want to know how he finish the work.
    • 关系副词
      • when, why, where等
        • I was away when you were here.
• 作用
  • 作状语
    • 用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子
      • He runs fast.
  • 作表语
    • 用来说明主语的状态
      • Linda is asleep at the moment.
  • 作主语补语或宾语补语
    • 用来说明主语或宾语的状态
      • The boy was seen upstairs.
      • Do you see anybody in?
  • 作定语
    • 常后置
      • All the students here are my classmates.
• 位置
  • 副词作状语时，通常放在谓语动词之后，如果谓语动词后带有宾语，则放在宾语之后
    • He speaks English well.
  • 频度副词作状语时，放在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。若有多个助动词，则置于第一个助动词之后。
    • He always goes to school by bus.
    • He is always happy.
    • You mustn't always help me.
  • 副词修饰形容词或副词时，置于所修饰的词之前。但enough作副词修饰形容词时，enough要后置
    • He is tall enough to get the book down.
  • 有些表示位置的副词，如果宾语是代词，该副词放在代词之后
    • put your hat on--put it on. 同理pick it up, throw it away等
  • 时间副词和地点副词的位置一般放在句尾，若同时出现，则把时间副词放最后。
    • They went swimming in the river yesterday.
  • 程度副词一般放在被修饰的形容词或副词前，放在情态动词和助动词之后
    • I'm very sad to hear that.
• 构成
  • 许多副词都是在形容词之后直接加-ly构成的
    • quickly, slowly
  • 以-le结尾的形容词去e加-y
    • gentle-gently
  • 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词变y为i，再加-ly
    • happy-happily, lucky-luckily
  • 与形容词同形的副词
    • fast, slow, early, late, hard, high, deep, pretty等