presenting a speech

这是一篇关于presenting a speech的思维导图，主要内容有allow listeners to grasp your meaning immediately、using familiar words、choosing concrete words、eliminating verbal clutter等。

Presenting A Speech

• Using laguage accurately
  • vital
  • choose words that are precise and accurate
• Using laguage clearly
  • allow listeners to grasp your meaning immediately
  • using familiar words
  • choosing concrete words
  • eliminating verbal clutter
• Using laguage vividly
  • bring your speech to life
  • through imagery or the creation of word pictures
    • • using concrete language
      • smile：an explicit comparison
      • metaphor：an explicit comparison
  • exploiting the rhythm of language
• Using laguage approritely
  • adapting to the particular occasion
  • developing your own language style
• Othe factors
  • personal appearance
  • bodily action
  • gesture
  • eye contact
  • volume
  • pauses and so on
• Methods of Delivering a speech
  • reading verbatim from a manuscript
  • reciting a memorized text
  • speaking with PowerPoint
    • widely used and effectively
  • seaking extemporaneously
    • only a brief set of notes or speaking outline
• strong supporting materials
  • examples
    • brief examples
    • extended examples
    • hypothetical examples
  • statisics
    • take statistics only from reliable sources
  • testimony
    • be sure to quote accurately
    • cite unbiased sources
    • establish audience's credentials