高中英语知识点——非谓语动词之不定式

动词不定式是高中英语学习的重点及难点，考试必考，现在将英语动词不定式的所有用法清晰罗列出来，便于学生了解该知识点的全貌并促进记忆。

动词不定式 用法详解

• 作主语
  • 1. To see is to believe.
  • 2. It+be+adj.+for/of sb. to do sth.
    • for
      • 行为特征
        • important/(un)necessary/easy
          • It is important for us to use our time wisely.
    • of
      • 品质特征
        • kind/nice/foolish/clever/rude
          • It is clever of you to solve the problem.
  • 3. wh-word +to do
    • 谓语用单数
      • When and where to start the programs remains unknown.
• 作宾语
  • 动词+to do sth.
    • 只接to do的动词
      • 同意提出作计划
        • agree, intend, plan
      • 要求答应来帮忙
        • demand, promise, help
      • 准备决定遭拒绝
        • prepare, decide, refuse/decline
      • 敢于选择有希望
        • choose, wish, hope, want, expect
      • 不能做到莫假装
        • fail, pretend
      • 设法做成决心强
        • manage, determine
      • 恳求安排又威胁
        • beg, arrange, threaten
      • 声称顾虑碰巧强
        • claim, hesitate, happen
  • 动词+wh-word+to do sth.
    • He asked how to get to the railway station.
  • 动词+it+形/名词+to do sth.
    • 常用动词
      • feel/find/make/ think/believe
        • I find it difficult to remember everything.
• 作宾语补足语
  • 带to
    • 动词+宾语(sb./sth.)+to do sth.
      • The teacher asked me to answer the question.
    • 常用动词
      • 要求允许提议警告
        • ask, allow, permit, advise, warn
      • 期望假设邀请鼓励
        • expect, suppose, invite, encourage
      • 教导告诉想要
        • teach, tell, want
      • 希望愿意
        • wish, would like / love
  • 不带to
    • 感官动词
      • 五看
        • watch/see/look at/observe/notice
      • 二听
        • listen to/hear
      • 一感
        • feel
    • 使役动词
      • 三使
        • let/make/have
    • 被动语态+to
• 作表语
  • 主语+be+to do sth.
    • His plan is to spend a few days in the mountains.
• 作定语
  • 放名词后
    • 及物动词
      • I have a lot of work to do.
    • 不及物动词+介词
      • He's looking for a room to live in.
• 作状语
  • 目的状语
    • He got up early to catch the train.
  • 结果状语
    • I rushed to the station, only to find the train had already gone.
    • The house is big enough to hold 200 people.
  • 原因状语
    • 形容词后
      • I am very happy to see you again.
      • 常见形容词
        • happy, glad, pleased, excited, thrilled, delighted, sad, sorry, angry, annoyed, disgusted, worried, surprised, astonished, amazed, shocked, frightened, disappointed, touched, amused, encouraged, interested, frustrated, embarrassed, lucky, fortunate, proud
• 特殊用法
  • 本打算/想/计划…
    • 特殊动词过去式+完成式
    • plan, hope, expect, intend, mean, wish
    • I hoped to have visited the great pyramid. = I had hoped to visit the great pyramid. =I hoped to visit it, but I didn't. 我本希望参观大金字塔的。
  • 介词but, except, besides后
    • 前有行为动词do后无to
      • He could do nothing but cry. I have no choice but to go.
• 时态
  • 一般式
    • 同时发生/之后(将要）
      • I saw him go out.
      • I hope to see you again.
    • 被动语态
      • to be done
  • 进行式
    • 同时发生
      • to be doing
        • The teacher is said to be correcting our papers.
  • 完成式
    • 之前发生
      • to have done
        • I'm sorry to have kept him waiting for me so long.
    • 被动语态
      • to have been done
  • 完成进行式
    • 之前+持续进行
      • to have been doing
        • She seems to have been teaching at this school for 40 years.
• 不定式在句中的六大成分
• Cinderella 2022.10.22