EF英语 级别4-单元5-欢迎

个人学习EF英语，制作了思维导图笔记，内容详细。此笔记为级别4-单元5-欢迎

级别4 单元5 欢迎

• 2 欢迎某人到你家
  • 表达
    • 欢迎客人
      • 欢迎客人
        • 使用类似这样的表达欢迎客人： Welcome!  欢迎光临！ Hi! It's so good to see you. 嗨！很高兴见到你。 I've missed you!
        • Welcome!
        • Hi! It's so good to see you.
        • I've missed you!
      • 邀请客人进到你家里
        • 使用类似这样的表达邀请客人进到你家里： Come in! 请进！ Make yourself at home. 不要客气。 Please make yourselves comfortable.  请不要拘束
        • Come in!
        • Make yourself at home.
        • Please make yourselves comfortable.
      • 让客人感到自在
        • 使用类似的表达让客人感到自在： Can I take your coat?  我帮你拿外套吧？                       You can put your things over here.    你可以把你的东西放在这里。 Can I get you something to drink?  想喝点什么吗？
        • Can I take your coat?
        • You can put your things over here.
        • Can I get you something to drink?
      • 礼貌地对话
        • 客人落座后，你可以提出类似这样的问题，礼貌地对话： How was your trip?  旅途怎么样？ How was traffic? 交通状况如何？
        • How was your trip?
        • How was traffic?
  • 语法
    • 形容词搭配不定式
      • 用形容词 + to + 动词，解释情感和状态
        • 形容词搭配不定式 你可以使用形容词 + to + 动词解释情感和状态。 I'm happy to hear that you like Korean food. （我很高兴听到你喜欢韩国菜。）             I was surprised to get the promotion. （我很惊讶获得升职。） So good to see you! （很高兴见到你！） Amy's ready to eat dinner. （Amy 准备好吃饭了。）
        • I'm happy to hear that you like Korean food.
        • I was surprised to get the promotion.
        • So good to see you!
        • Amy's ready to eat dinner.
  • 表达
    • 礼貌地提议和请求
      • would you like，礼貌向客人提供某物
        • 提供东西和提出礼貌的请求 使用 would you like 礼貌向客人提供某物。 Would you like something to drink? 你想喝点什么吗？                             Would you like to have a seat? （你想坐下吗？）
        • Would you like something to drink?
        • Would you like to have a seat?
      • could 或 may， 向主人提出礼貌的请求
        • 
使用 could 或 may 向主人提出礼貌的请求 May I use the restroom? 我可以用一下厕所吗？ Could I have some water? 我能喝点水吗？
        • May I use the restroom?
        • Could I have some water?
      • 语言点（上厕所）
        • 
语言点：在美式英语中，restroom 是家中厕所非常礼貌的称法，Bathroom 相对礼貌，toilet 不礼貌。在英式英语中，toilet 是家中厕所非常礼貌的称法， Loo 是可以接受的用法，但只限于非正式场合和熟悉的人
        • 美语：
          • restroom，非常礼貌
          • Bathroom，相对礼貌
          • toilet 不礼貌
        • 英语：
          • toilet，非常礼貌
          • Loo 是可以接受的用法，但只限于非正式场合和熟悉的人。
    • 练习
      • MRS. KUMAR: Welcome . Nice to see you. MR. BRADLEY: Very nice to see you, too, Mrs. Kumar. MRS. KUMAR: Please come in . MR. BRADLEY: You have a beautiful home. MRS. KUMAR: Thank you. Would you like to have a seat? MR. BRADLEY: Yes, thanks. MRS. KUMAR: And would you like something to drink ? MR. BRADLEY: Please. Could I have some water? MRS. KUMAR: Of course.
  • 表达
    • 听到好消息和坏消息的反应
      • 好消息
        • 听到好消息时，使用类似这样的表达作出反应。 Congratulations! 恭喜！ Really? I'm so happy for you! 真的吗？我为你感到非常高兴！ That's great news! 这消息太棒了！
        • Congratulations!
        • Really? I'm so happy for you!
        • That's great news!
      • to your 和 cheers 来祝酒
        • 喝酒时，你可以说 to your 和 cheers 来祝酒。 To your new job! Cheers! （为你的新工作！干杯！） To your new baby. Cheers! （为你的新生宝宝干杯！）
        • To your new job! Cheers!
        • To your new baby. Cheers!
      • 坏消息
        • 听到坏消息时，使用类似的表达作出反应： A: Sorry – the sofa is not very comfortable.
B: That's OK. 对不起 - 沙发不是很舒服。
没关系。 A: I just got fired.
B: That's terrible! I'm so sorry to hear that. 我刚被解雇了。
太糟糕了！听到这个我感到很抱歉
        • A: Sorry – the sofa is not very comfortable.
        • B: That's OK.
        • A: I just got fired.
        • B: That's terrible! I'm so sorry to hear that.
      • It's crazy,均可
        • 听到好消息和坏消息时，你都可以使用 it's crazy。 I was surprised to get this great promotion. It's crazy. （这次得到升职，我感到很吃惊。不可思议。） It felt terrible to get fired. It's totally crazy. （遭到解雇感觉糟透了。这简直不可思议。
        • I was surprised to get this great promotion. It's crazy.
        • It felt terrible to get fired. It's totally crazy.
• 4 撰写感谢信
  • 语法
    • Hope to' 和 'hope that'
      • Hope to' 和 'hope that' 使用Hope to 和 hope that 谈论你希望发生的事情。注意，Hope to 后接动词原形， hope that 后接从句。 I hope to see you again soon.                     我希望不久后能再见到你。 I hope that I see you again soon.  我希望我不久后能再见到你。 在英语口语和书面语中，单词 that 有没有都可以，在句中省略不会影响句子意思。 I hope I see you again soon. 我希望我不久后能再见到你。 使用 I hope so, too 肯定应答 hope to 或 hope that 的句子。 A: I hope to see you again soon.                
B: I hope so, too.  我希望不久后能再见到你。
我也这样希望。
      • Hope to 后接动词原形
      • hope that 后接从句
      • I hope so, too
    • 练习
      • We hope that to see you again soon. We hope to that we see you again soon. They hope to that they can go to Spain. They hope to that go to Spain. I hope that to you get the job. She hopes that to get a better job
  • 表达
    • 谈论有趣的活动
      • 谈论有趣的活动 使用下列表达谈论有趣的活动： I had a really good time. 我过得很愉快。                                I really enjoyed myself. 我玩得非常开心。 It was great! 非常棒！ I had a lot of fun. 我玩得很高兴。 如果你表达了这样的感觉，你的主人一般会向你表示感谢
      • I had a really good time.
      • I really enjoyed myself.
      • It was great!
      • I had a lot of fun.
    • 练习
      • JIM: Thank you so much for coming . BETSY: Thank you! Your home is beautiful, and the food was delicious. I had a really good time . JIM: I was happy to see you again. BETSY: It was good to see you, too. I really enjoyed myself . JIM: I hope to see you again soon. BETSY: I hope so , too.
  • 写作
    • 撰写感谢信
      • 撰写感谢信 下为撰写感谢信的一些步骤。 先写日期。 September 16, 2012 问候收信人，使用 Dear + 姓名，后接逗号 (,)。 Dear Andy,   （亲爱的 Andy，） 对收信人表示感谢，提及感谢的原因。 Thank you for inviting me to your party.
Thanks for the wonderful gift. （谢谢你邀请我参加派对。）
（谢谢你送的精美礼物。） 恭维收信人 The food at the party was delicious.  
Your home is lovely.    
The scarf is beautiful. （派对上的食物很好吃。）
（你的家很迷人。）
（围巾很漂亮。） 提及你对未来见面的期待。 I hope to see you again soon. 
I hope that you can visit me soon. （我希望不久后能再见到你。）
（我希望你不久后能再来我家。） 结语和签名。 Sincerely, （此致） Jane
      • 先写日期
        • September 16, 2012
      • 问候收信人，使用 Dear + 姓名，后接逗号 (,)。
        • Dear Andy,
      • 对收信人表示感谢，提及感谢的原因。
        • Thank you for inviting me to your party.
        • Thanks for the wonderful gift.
      • 恭维收信人
        • The food at the party was delicious.
        • Your home is lovely.
        • The scarf is beautiful.
      • 提及你对未来见面的期待
        • I hope to see you again soon.
        • I hope that you can visit me soon.
      • 结语和签名
        • Sincerely, （此致）
        • Jane
    • 练习
      • January 5 Dear Sally, Thanks so much for inviting me to lunch. It was great to see you. I really enjoyed myself. The restaurant was fantastic! I hope to see you again soon. How about dinner next time you're in town? Thanks again!

Sincerely, Kris
• 3 夜晚结束告别时
  • 词汇
    • 形容词同义词
      • 形容词同义词 使用同义词或具有相同意义的单词，可以让你的英文更富于乐趣和变化。学习同义词也是识记新词的一种好办法。 以下是一些有用的形容词同义词： great - wonderful - delightful        好的 / 极好的 / 令人高兴的                            fun - enjoyable 令人愉快的 / 令人愉快的 happy - glad - pleased      高兴的 / 乐意的 / 喜欢的 beautiful - lovely - gorgeous  美丽的 / 可爱的 / 迷人的 delicious - tasty - yummy   美味的 / 可口的 /好吃的
      • 使用同义词或具有相同意义的单词，可以让你的英文更富于乐趣和变化。
      • great - wonderful - delightful
      • fun - enjoyable
      • happy - glad - pleased
      • beautiful - lovely - gorgeous
      • delicious - tasty - yummy
    • 练习
      • The pasta was really glad tasty pleased . The games were fun tasty glad . I'm happy delightful great you came to our home. Your home is glad gorgeous pleased . Thank you for a delightful tasty glad evening. The party was really pleased enjoyable delicious .
  • 口语
    • 美式英语和英式英语
      • 音节重读差异
        • 下为美式英语和英式英语中音节重读差异的一个例子。 American: caFE 咖啡馆 British: CAfe
        • American: caFE
        • British: CAfe
      • 词汇差异
        • 词汇 下为一些词汇差异的例子。 American: gas （汽油） British: petrol American: restroom （厕所） British: toilet American: cellphone （手机）                                          British: mobile
        • American: gas
        • British: petrol
        • American: restroom
        • British: toilet
        • American: cellphone
        • British: mobile
      • 表达
        • 表达 虽然这些短语中的第一个在美式和英式英语中都可以使用，但 spot on 多在英式英语中使用。它们的意思相同。 American / British: That's exactly right! （确实如此!） British: Spot on!
        • American / British: That's exactly right!
        • British: Spot on!（多用于英式）
      • 语法
        • 语法 你在英美两国都能听到这些疑问句结构。但是，do you have 多用于美国，have you got 则多用于英国。 American: Do you have a pen? 你有笔吗？ British: Have you got a pen?
        • American: Do you have a pen?
        • British: Have you got a pen?
  • 表达
    • 离开某人的家
      • 离开时的表达
        • 当你离开某人家时，使用类似这样的表达： The party was wonderful.  派对很精彩。 We had a great time. 我们过得很愉快。 It was so nice to see you again.   很高兴又见到你。
        • The party was wonderful.
        • We had a great time.
        • It was so nice to see you again.
      • 检查确认你没有遗忘东西
        • 你的主人也许会检查确认你没有遗忘东西。 A: Do you have everything? 
B: I think so.  你东西都拿了吗？
我想是的。 A: Have you got everything? 
B: Yes, I have, thanks. 你东西都拿了吗？
是的，我都拿了，谢谢。
        • A: Do you have everything?
        • B: I think so.
        • A: Have you got everything?
        • B: Yes, I have, thanks.
      • 邀请主人将来到你家拜访
        • 你可以邀请主人将来到你家拜访。这里的第一个例子更接近美式英语，第二个例子更接近英式英语。 Next time, it's our turn to host.  下次我们来办。 You must come to us next time. 你下次一定要来我们家。 人们在听到这些句子后通常会表示感谢。
        • Next time, it's our turn to host.（美）
        • You must come to us next time.（英）
• 1 邀请某人到你家
  • 语法
    • just 表示最近的过去
      • 使用 just 表示最近的过去 使用 just + 动词谈论刚刚或最近完成的行动。 Zach and I just bought a house.  （我和 Zach 刚买了房子。）                            Carla just got promoted. （Carla 刚刚升职。）
      • Zach and I just bought a house.
      • Carla just got promoted.
  • 表达
    • 开启和改变对话话题
      • 单元3-2 表达
      • Guess what?，引出或改变话题
        • 你可以使用 Guess what? 来引出或改变话题。 A: Hey, Daniel. How's it going?
B: Good. Guess what?
A: What?
B: I just got a promotion. 你好，Daniel。最近好吗？
还好。猜猜怎么着？
怎么了？
我刚刚升职了
      • that reminds me 或 by the way，转到与当前话题相关的话题
        • 记住，你可以使用 that reminds me 或 by the way 转到与当前话题相关的话题。 A: I just had my 33rd birthday! 
B: Well, happy birthday! Hey, that reminds me. Do you want to come to my son's birthday party? 我刚过了 33 岁生日。
哦，生日快乐！嗨，这想起来了。你想参加我儿子的生日派对吗？ A: Wow! This pizza tastes amazing. 
B: It sure does. By the way, I'm having pizzas and movies at my house on Saturday. 哇！这个披萨味道真好。
的确不错。对了，星期六我打算在家吃披萨看电影。
      • anyway，对话拉回原来的话题
        • 使用 anyway 把跑偏的对话拉回原来的话题。 A: We just got a new swimming pool.
B: Really? Man, how did you pay for that?
A: My credit card! Anyway, we're having a pool party on Sunday.   我们刚修了一座游泳池。
是吗？老兄，你哪来钱的？
信用卡啊！对了，我们星期天会办一个泳池派对。 谨慎使用这些表达：如果唐突改变话题，可能会让人感到冒犯。
    • 练习
      • EMILIO: Hey, Brenda! Guess what? BRENDA: What ? EMILIO: I just got my first apartment. BRENDA: Fantastic! Oh, that reminds me. There's an amazing furniture sale at Lacy's. You could get some things for your new apartment. EMILIO: Yeah, good idea. Anyway , I'm having a party to celebrate my new place. Can you come?
  • 语法
    • 可能性副词
      • 副词通常直接位于其修饰的动词之前，如果是 be 动词，则位于其后。maybe 是例外，常常位于句首
        • 可能性
      • 表示百分之百的可能性，使用 definitely 或 absolutely。
        • 表示百分之百的可能性，使用 definitely 或 absolutely。
  I definitely saw Sheila at the party. （我肯定在派对上看到了 Sheila。）                     Lucille absolutely can't come. （Lucille 绝对不能来。）
        • I definitely saw Sheila at the party.
        • Lucille absolutely can't come.
      • 表示较大的可能性，probably。
        • They are probably late. （他们很可能迟到了。） Dylan probably brought drinks. （Dylan 很可能带了酒水。） They probably can't buy snacks. （他们很可能不能买零食。）
        • They are probably late.
        • Dylan probably brought drinks.
        • They probably can't buy snacks.
      • 表示较小的可能性，使用 maybe。 注意该词用于句首。
        • 表示较小的可能性，使用 maybe。注意该词用于句首。
  Maybe we can have a surprise party. （我们也许可以办一个惊喜派对。） A: Is Rhonda coming?
B: Maybe not. She's still working. Rhonda 来吗？
（可能不来，她还在工作。
        • Maybe we can have a surprise party.
        • A: Is Rhonda coming?
        • B: Maybe not. She's still working.
      • 表示非常小的可能性， unlikely。
        • 
表示非常小的可能性，你可以使用 unlikely。
  A: Is Grandma coming to the celebration?
B: It's unlikely. She's not feeling well. 祖母 外婆 来参加庆祝活动吗？
（不大可能。她身体不舒服。
        • A: Is Grandma coming to the celebration?
        • B: It's unlikely. She's not feeling well.
      • 回答中使用可能性副词
        • 你可以在一个单词的回答中使用可能性副词。
  A: Are you inviting Dylan?
B: Definitely. 你请 Dylan 吗？
（当然！） A: Can I see you tonight? 
B: Maybe. 我今晚能见你吗？
（可能吧。）
        • A: Are you inviting Dylan?
        • B: Definitely.
        • A: Can I see you tonight?
        • B: Maybe.
    • 练习
      • DANA: OK, let's see … Who's invited to the party? JONATHAN: Natasha. She is definitely coming. DANA: Great! How about Michael? JONATHAN: Probably not . DANA: Too bad! Anyway, Laurie probably can come. JONATHAN: Cool. DANA: And Kylie said ' absolutely .' JONATHAN: Nice! Maybe she can bring her tasty, dark chocolate cake. DANA: Maybe … or maybe not . It's unlikely . She's pretty busy.
  • 表达
    • 提出及回应邀请
      • 提出邀请
        • 提出及回应邀请 使用类似这些表达提出邀请。提出邀请前，先具体说明邀请的场合是有好处的。 We're having some people over next weekend. Kelsey and I are hoping that you and Cody can come. 我们下周末打算邀请一些人到家里来。Kesley 跟我都希望你和 Cody 能来。 I'm having a birthday party for Tyler in two weeks. I'd like you to come. 两周后我要为 Tyler 办生日派对。我希望你能来。 Are you free Friday night? Would you like to come to a housewarming? 你周五晚上有空吗？你想来参加暖屋派对吗？ We should get together for dinner this week. What does your schedule look like? 我们本周应该聚在一起吃顿饭。你的日程怎么样
        • We're having some people over next weekend. Kelsey and I are hoping that you and Cody can come.
        • I'm having a birthday party for Tyler in two weeks. I'd like you to come.
        • Are you free Friday night? Would you like to come to a housewarming?
        • We should get together for dinner this week. What does your schedule look like?
      • 接受或讨论邀请
        • 接受或讨论邀请，使用类似的表达： Great! I'm definitely coming. 太棒了！我一定来！ We can probably come. Let me talk to Dave about it. 我们很有可能来。让我跟 Dave 说说。 Thanks – I'd be delighted. 谢谢 – 荣幸之至。
        • Great! I'm definitely coming.
        • We can probably come. Let me talk to Dave about it.
        • Thanks – I'd be delighted.
      • 谢绝邀请
        • 谢绝邀请，使用类似这样的表达： Sorry – Chelsea probably can't come. She has a cold. 抱歉 - Chelsa 很可能来不了。她感冒了。 Oh, that weekend's no good. Sorry! 哦，这个周末不行。对不起
        • Sorry – Chelsea probably can't come. She has a cold.
        • Oh, that weekend's no good. Sorry!
    • 练习
      • Brandon's birthday From: [e-mail] To: [e-mail] Hi, Laura. I'm having a birthday party for Brandon on the 23rd, around 5 p.m. I'm hoping that you and Charles can come. Are you guys free? Gillian From: [e-mail]
To: [e-mail]
Subject: RE: Brandon's birthday Hey, Gillian. Sounds lovely. Maybe we can come. I'm not sure. Billy has baseball practice on the 23rd. Let me talk with Charles. Talk with you soon. L