状语和状语从句

状语和状语从句思维套图整理，本文参考刘晓燕系列图书。整理不易，欢迎拷贝。

状语和状语从句

• I. 引语
  • 形容词
    • 放在系动词后边作表语e.g.He becomes tough these days.
    • 放在宾语后面作补语e.g.The reality makes him tough these days.
      • 总结：
        • 形容词（短语）无论作什么成分都是修饰名词（短语）/代词的
    • 放在名词（短语）前面作定语e.g.He has become a tough man these days.
  • 副词
    • 副词修饰实义动词e.g.He smiles sweetly.
    • 副词修饰形容词e.g.He looks pretty sweet.
    • 副词修饰副词e.g.He simles especially sweetly.
    • 副词修饰句子e.g.Luckily,he passed the examination.
• II. 状语
  • 定义：在一个句子中，用来修饰实义动词（词组）、形容词（短语）、副词或整个句子的成分
  • 成分
    • 副词：She smiles sweetly.
    • 副词短语：I tried again and agina.
    • 介词短语：He runs fast like a crazy dog.
    • 分词、不定式：He leaves,crying.
    • 从句
  • 位置
    • 状语的位置可以随便放置，但是放在句首或句末的情况比较多。句首通常用逗号隔开。
• III. 状语从句
  • 时间状语从句
    • 常用引导词：when,as,while,as soon as,before,after,since,till,untill,not...untill等
    • 状语从句时态问题：如果主句和从句的动作都尚未发生，主将从现。
    • when的特殊用法：when引导的时间状语从句，如果主句和从句主语一致，并且从句的谓语中有be动词，此时从句中的主语和be可以一起省略。e.g.When I was a little girl,Iove Jeff so much.→When a little gril,I love Jeff so much.
    • 区分untill和not...untille.g.I will wait here untill you come.I will not leave untill you come.
  • 地点状语从句
    • 常用引导词：where。不常用引导词：wherever,anywhere,anywhere
    • e.g.这种花在潮湿的地方生长的很好。The flower grows well where it is moist.
  • 原因状语从句
    • 常用引导词：seeing that,now that,in that, considering that,given that,as much as,so much as等
    • e.g.因为他粗心，他昨天除了一场车祸。Because of his careless,he had a car accident yesterday.
  • 目的状语从句
    • 常用引导词：so that,in order that等
    • 常见的动词不定式也可表目的：to, in order to,so as to.
    • e.g.I am determined to take part in the examination of postgrauates so that I could have a brighter future.
  • 结果状语从句
    • 常见引导词：so...that,such...that等
    • e.g.He is such a proud man that we fail to love him. such后跟名词（短语）he is so proud that we fail to love him. so后跟形容词（短语）或副词（短语）
  • 条件状语从句
    • 常用引导词：if,unless
    • 特殊引导词：as/so long as(只要)，only if（只要）,providing/provided that（假如）
    • e.g.I will nerver give up so long as there is a ghost of hope.只要有一丝希望，我也不放弃
  • 让步状语从句
    • 常用引导词：though,although,even if,even though等
    • 特殊引导词：as,while(作虽然之意，用在句首）,no matter...(无论）,in spite of the fact that（虽然、尽管）,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever等
    • e.g.Pollution becomes increasingly serious although a sea of adults fail to realize it.
  • 方式状语从句
    • 常用引导词：as,as if, as though等
    • 特殊引导词：the way
    • e.g.She talks with me as she is my mother.他和我妈说话的样子好像一样。
  • 比较状语从句
    • 常用引导词：as,than等
    • 特殊引导词：the more...the more...,more than,more...than,no so much...as...等
    • e.g.Gong Li look as graceful as a red rose,who can take many people's breath away.
• IV. 分词做状语
• V. 状语和状语从句的应用
  • 写作
    • 拉长句子：I am reading the book written by Liu.
    • 加副词：I am reading the book written by Liu diligently.
    • 加时间：I am reading the book written by Liu at the moment.
    • 加地点：I am reading the book written by Liu either on the playground or in the street.
    • 加原因：I am reading the book written by Liu because it is so interesting and attractive.
    • ... ...
  • 长难句分析