Enzyme classification

这是一篇关于Enzyme classification的思维导图，主要内容有Oxidoreductase、Transferases、Hydrolases。

Enzyme classification

• Oxidoreductase
  • Redox reactions
    • Transfer of electrons
      • hydride ions H:-
      • H atom
  • subdivisions
    • oxidases
    • reductases
• Transferases
  • transfer groups from one substrate to another
    • substitution..
      • SN2
      • SN1
      • aromatic electrophilic substitution
      • aromatic nucleophilic substitution
      • nucleophylic acyl substutution
  • subdivisions
    • kinases
    • Transaminases
• Hydrolases
  • hydrolysis reactions
    • transfer of functional groups to water
    • or my own understanding: nucleophilic acyl substitution by water.
      • esters's ester bond
        • phosphoester
        • thioester
      • amides' peptide bond
    • some time acytal's glycosidic bond can be hydrolysis
  • subdivisions
    • Lipases
    • Nucleases
    • Proteases
• Lyases
  • addition of groups to double bonds, or formation of double bonds by removal of groups
    • just addition/ elimination..
      • addition
        • nucleophilic 1, 2 addition
        • nucleophilic 1, 4 addition
        • alkene electrophilic addition
      • elimination
        • E1, E2, E1cb
        • all kinds of liked reaction
      • usually water: hydration, dehydration
  • subdivisions
    • Decarboxylases
      • lose CO2
    • Dehydrases
      • lose H2O
• Isomerases
  • transfer of groups within molecules to yield isomeric forms
    • just like tautomerism
      • keto-enol tautomerism
        • acid catalyst mechanism
        • base catalyst mechanism
  • subdivisions
    • epimerases
      • isomerizasion of chiral centers
• Ligase
  • formation of C-C, C-S, C-O, and C-N bonds by codensation reactions coupled to hydrolysis of ATP or similar cofactor
    • condensation reaction
      • carbonyl condensation
        • adol
        • Claisen condensation
      • reverse carried by hydrolysis
        • nucleophilic acyl substitution of acids
          • amide formation
            • acid-amide
          • ester formation
            • acid-ester
        • acetyl formation
          • a nucleophilic addition like, but acts on C=O-R
  • subdivisions
    • Carboxylases
      • addition of a CO2
    • Synthetases
      • form a new bond