虚拟语气

英语学习必备：错综时间虚拟条件句：即主从句所指时间不一致，这要结合具体的语境情况，根据基本的虚拟条件句做调整。

虚拟语气

• 含虚拟条件的虚拟语气
  • 普通条件句
    • 真实条件句，有可能发生的：If I have time, I will go with them .
    • 虚拟条件句，表假想或与事实相反
      • 与现在事实相反：从句用过去式，主句用would do
      • 与过去事实相反：从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done
      • 与将来事实相反：从句用were to 或 should do，主句用would do
  • 错综时间虚拟条件句：即主从句所指时间不一致，这要结合具体的语境情况，根据基本的虚拟条件句做调整
  • 含蓄虚拟条件句
    • 条件在连词中：or,otherwise,or else 等
    • 条件在介词短语中：without,but for ，可与if it weren't for,if it hadn't been for 转换
    • 条件在分词短语中：Failing this time,what would you do? = If you failed this time,what ... Born in better times,he would have been a sholar.= If he had been born in better times ,he would have been ...
    • 条件在名词短语中：A true friend would not have betrayed me .= If he had been a true friend,he would ...
    • 条件在定语从句中：Anyone who had seen that painting might have taken it for a photo.
• BE-型虚拟式(即动词一律用原型)
  • 用于表示命令、决定、建议等词语后的that 分句中
    • 动词类：decide,move,order,prefer,request,suggest,vote ...
    • 形容词类：advisable,imperative,necessary,obligatory,essential...
    • 名词类：requirement,resolution,instruction,decision,demand ...
    • 在这一类用法中，be-型虚拟式能与should + 不定式，to + 不定式交替使用：It is important that she be placed in an appropriate job. = It is important that she should be placed in an appropriate. = It is important for her to be placed an appropriate job.
  • 用于由if,though 等连词引导的分句中，表推测、防备、让步等含义
    • If the rumour be ture,everything is possible.
    • Though everyone desert you,I will not.
    • Whatever be his defense,we cannot tolerate his disloyalty.
    • So long as a volume hold together,I am not disturbed as to its outer appearance.
    • Whether she be right or wrong,she will have my love.
  • 用于某些公式化语句中，可表祝愿、诅咒、禁止等含义
    • God bless you! Heaven forbid!
    • Long live the People's Repubic of China! Long live our motherland.
    • So be it.但愿如此/就这样吧
    • Suffice it to say that ...只需说...就够了
    • Home is home,be it ever so homely.
    • Far be it from me that ...
• WERE-型虚拟式
  • 用于某些状语分句中，表非真实的条件或让步：if only,if,though,as if,as though
  • 用于某些名词性分句，表臆想的情况，常用于wish,would rather,suppose,imagine 之后的that分句中