Syllabus of the Thermaldynamic

热力学大纲Syllabus of the Thermaldynamics:：basic concepts、First law of thermodynamic.、Second law of thermodynamic.

Syllabus of the Thermaldynamics

basic concepts

specific weight

Specifit Heats

cv

du=cv*dt

cp

dh=cp*t

cp=cv+R

systems and control volumes

system

closed

与外界没有质量交换的系统

moved

surroundings

boundary

fixed

movable

Forms of energy

total energy E

internal energy U

The sum of all the microscopic of energy

Mechanical energy

Kinetic energy, KE

Potential energy, PE

E=U+KE+PE

energy transfer

heat

work

electrical

friction

First law of thermodynamic.

Energy can neither be created nor destoyyed during a process; it can only change forms.

pure substance

fixed chemical compositon气态水和液态水的混合物也属于纯净物

phase-change

Compressed Liquid

Saturated liquid

Saturated liquid-vapor mixture





Saturated vapor

Superheated vapor

ENTHALPY

H=U+PV

理想气体状态方程

注意条件是只有气体才能用的方程。 不能用于R134A和Water。 特殊地，steam也会由气体常数，是可以用这个方程的。

PV = (Z)RT

Compressibility

Moving boundary work

Isothermal

再Moving boundary work中只有等温变化的情况。

等温，体积是变化量

Wb=mRTln（V2/V1）

specific heats

energy balance

enthalpy

Second law of thermodynamic

Heat will not transfer spontaneously from low temperature to high temperature.

reversibility-Carnot cycle.

entropy

isentropic processes

Gas power cycles

Otto

Diesel

Vapor power cycle

Rankine cycle

Mass&energy control volumes