1.高中英语-代词（共24）

1.高中英语-代词学法指导、知能提升总结升华

1.高中英语-代词（共24）

1. 知识梳理

物主代词

形容词性物主代词作定语

名词性物主代词作主语、宾语、表语

不定代词

词性

作形容词和名词

意义

不能明代替任何特定名词，相当于名词或形容词

注意

1.-body和-one同义 2.-thing有另个意思：东西和事情 3.-some有两个意思：某一和一些 比如：some book某一本书 some books一些书

简介

例词

any,every,each,some,many,much,such,all,both, several,either,neither,another,one,ones,the, other(s),none,little,a little,few,a few

疑问代词

who

主语和表语

whose

宾语和定语

which

主语、宾语和定语

what

主语、宾语和定语

whom

宾语

指示代词

用法

主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语

包括：that,those,this,there

反身代词

用法

宾语，同位语，表语

人称代词

简介：有人称，数，格的变化

用法说明：主格形式作主语，宾格形式作宾语

it的用法及有关句型

it作代词

代上文提到的同一事物

代替上文的指示代词

表示天气、时间、距离、环境等

指代一个不太清楚的人

代替整个句子

英汉表达不一样，有时候it不用翻译

it作形式主语

It's+adj.+for(of) sb.+不定式

用for时，形容词修饰不定式

用of时，形容词修饰人

1.It's no use (good) +doing 2.It's well worth +doing 3.It's useless (dangerous,exciting)+doing

It's +adj.(n.)+主语从句

避免头重脚轻

it作形式宾语

一般情况

例句：I think it important to visit our perents this weekend.

句型总结：主语+谓语+it[形式宾语]+adj.(n.)（宾语补足语）+不定式或主语从句（真正宾语）

条件：一般应用在复合宾语中

几个常见的搭配和句型

one…the other 两者之中，一个……另一个

one…another三个或三个以上中的一个……另一个

some…others 一些……另一些（没有明确的范围）

some…the others 两者之中的一些……另一些

nothing but = only 仅仅，只是

be something of…是个有几分或者了不起的人物

it引导的强调句型

简介

句型

it+is或what+主语、宾语或状语+that或who+其余成分

几点解释

一般用is或was,有时和情态动词连用

It must have been his uncle that will go aborad next week.肯定是他的叔叔下周出国。

It might be this pen that you are looking for.这可能是你正在找的笔吧

it没有意义，帮助改变句子结构，使其某一部分受到强调，只能强调主语，宾语和状语，不能强调谓语和表语

知识点

一般疑问句

Was it during the war that his father died?

特殊疑问句

What's it that he wants to do?

not…until引导的时间状语从句

Not until my mom came back home did I go to school.

It was not until my mom came back home that I went to bed.

It is the two students that have been helping the old man.是这两个学生一直在帮助这个老人。

强调主语时，that后的谓语要和主语的人称、数一致，但is或was不变

1.It was the pen that I bought in the shop yesterday.

强调句，强调宾语the pen

2.It is a pity that the didn't pass the exam.

it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正主语

3.It was the day when my brother joined the army.

2. 学法指导

反身代词

My favorite part was when Gatsby ran out of the house as Daisy Showed up to have tea with Nick . He came back after moment even paler than he was when he first showed and this time he was soaking wet. He was acting like complete child which made the scene funny and enjoyable . The way he was acting in this passage is the complete opposite of what he really acts like . He normally act all polite but leaves mysterious aura around him as he speaks and walks. In this passage he looked like he had just seen ghost...

多记表达法

前后一致

使用条件

前面须有对应的名词或代词

只能作宾语、表语、同位语

疑问代词

The main events of the novel take place in the summer of 1922. Nick Carraway, a Yale graduate and World War I veteran from the Midwest—who serves as the novel's narrator—works in New York as a bond salesman...

主要用在疑问句中

养成分析句子成分的习惯，弄清疑问词在句子中所作的成分

疑问词无论做什么成分，须位于句首

两个常见句式

疑问词+系动词+主语

Who are you friends？

疑问词+系动词+主语+谓语

What do you went to buy in the shop?

物主代词

巧记形式和用法

形容词性物主代词只做定于

主宾表要用名词性物主代词

我的是mine，其余加s

理解最重要

形容词性的功能就是做宾语

名词性的功能就是做主语、宾语、表语

指示代词

it,one,that的不同

it作形式主语，形式宾语

原因：动词、从句作主语、宾语时，前面太长，避免头重脚轻

it引导强调句

关键是把强调句还原

分析句子成分至关重要

it作代词

注意代词的翻译和语序

不定代词

知识应该灵活记忆

注意区别

注意分析归纳

人称代词

1.注意分析句子成分，弄清主语、宾语和表语

2.注意人称代词的顺序

3.注意语境的灵活性

3. 总结升华

学习误区

只注意代词的汉译，而不注意它的词性

如将“每一个都应该努力”错翻译为“Every should study hard”

错误原因：every只具有形容词的特征

不注意代词的确切含义

1.We know neither of them；2.We know none of them

neither和none翻译成汉语时，没有区别。但neither表两者，而none表示三或三以上

知能提升

应用思维导图，理清思路，把知识点联系起来，在脑海中成系统网络

Gatsby is a fantastic example of how human nature doesn’t change; the decadence and excess of Fitzgerald’s revellers – the flappers, the gangsters, the bankers and strivers – don’t look much different to the financiers and property-boomers of the late 90s and early 2000s. If Gatsby were alive now, his parties would be televised and sponsored and featured on E! online, and he’d work the City; he’d have sold dodgy mortgages and tried to whisk Daisy off to Dubai for the weekend.

做题时，一定要分析选项，然后确定思路，找到知识的遗漏处

It’s partly based on real life. Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald moved to Long Island in the early 1920s, where they were surrounded, like Nick Carraway, by enormous estates and mansions. Gatsby’s vulgar ‘new money’ found its real-life counterpart in the denizens of Great Neck, where the Fitzgeralds settled, while the inherited wealth of the Buchanans was more at home over on Cow Neck – or, in Gatsby’s world, East Egg. Some of the possible inspirations for the house still stand today, like Oheka Castle in Huntington. So if you’ve ever wondered about the lives of the great and the glorious…

在理解中记忆，在思维中记忆，在分析中记忆，在联想中记忆

We’re staunch advocates of reading the book, no matter how much you enjoyed the film; in the case of The Great Gatsby, we’re joined in this by Zelda Fitzgerald, the author’s wife, who said of the 1926 adaptation (directed by Herbert Brenon) that it was ‘ROTTEN and awful and terrible’; the couple walked out of the screening. It was filmed again in 1949 (dir. Eliot Nugent) and 1974 (dir. Jack Clayton), the latter version from a screenplay by Francis Ford Coppola. Coppola, disappointed by the result, said, ‘The script that I wrote did not get made.’ Of Luhrmann’s production, the New York Times advised that it was best enjoyed if the viewer ‘put aside whatever literary agenda you are tempted to bring with you’. We say, then, put aside the movies and read the book – the original and the best!

常见代词

If hyperbole and retro trivia float your boat, then check out Ernest Hemingway’s appraisal of the original cover for The Great Gatsby: Despite loving the novel itself, he called the jacket “the ugliest he’d ever seen”. Curious? Sure you are! We don’t think it’s ugly, though, and we’re also mad about the various other imagery associated with Gatsby – in particular, Doctor TJ Eckleberg’s ‘enormous yellow spectacles’. In fact, we’d go so far as to call the book one of the most stylish novels we’ve read – and we hope you’ll agree!

I thank so.我是这样认为的

I thank not.=I don't thank so.我不这样认为

I’m afraid so.恐怕是这样

I’m afraid not.恐怕不是这样

常见表时间的表达法

Jay Gatsby is a case-study on the American Dream – the self-made man, the giddy height of success, the idea of financial independence bringing security, freedom and happiness – and how that ideal can implode. This novel wasn’t Fitzgerald’s first foray into that territory, though; before he wrote it, he spent eighteen months on a satirical screenplay called ‘The Vegetable: or From President to Postman’. The play was a disaster – but it helped the gestation process for The Great Gatsby, which Fitzgerald begun as he was redrafting the doomed ‘Vegetable’. If you’ve ever felt downbeat because a project isn’t working out, read Gatsby and see what can arise from the ashes!

the other day前几天

every other day每隔一天

every other days每隔几天

some other day改日

what和which成分相同，带含义不同

what表在未知的范围内

which表在已知的范围内