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编辑于2019-10-24 11:19:33Phonology
phonetics
what is phonetics?
articulatory phonetics
auditory phonetics
acoustic phonetics
organs of speech
pharyngeal cavity
the throat
oral cavity
the mouth
tongue
uvula
soft palate(the velum)
the hard palate
teeth ridge
teeth
lips
nasal cavity
the nose
speech sounds
broad transcription
narrow transcription
classification of English speech sounds
vowel
part of the tongue
front vowels
[i:],[i],[e],[ae],[a]
central vowels
[з:],[反过来的e],[∧]
back vowels
[u:],[u],[コ:],[コ][a:]
openness of the mouth
close vowels
[i:],[i],[u]
semi-close vowels
[e],[з:]
semi-open vowels
[反过来的e],[コ:]
open vowels
[ae],[a],[∧],[D],[a:]
consonant
manner of articulation
stops
[p] [b] ,[t] [d],[k] [g]
fricatives
[f],[v],[s],[z],[∮],[3],[h],[θ],[ð]
affricates
[t∮] [d3]
liquids
[l],[r]
nasals
[m],[n]
glides
[u],[i]
place of articulation
bilabial
[p],[b],[m],[w]
labiodental
[f],[v]
dental
[θ],[ð]
alveolar
[t],[s],[d],[z],[n],[l],[r]
palatal
[3],[t∮],[d3],[j]
velar
[k],[g]
glottal
[h]
phonology
phonology and phonetics
phonetics
definition
study of sounds
key words
production
differences
features
classification
phonology
definition
system of sounds of a particular langage
key words
patterns
meaning
phone,phoneme,and allophone
phone
phonetic unit or segment
does't necessarily distinguish meaning
phoneme
phonological unit
distinctive unit
abstract unit
the smallest unit of sounds
allophone
can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments
phonemic contrast,complementary distribution,and minimal pair
phonemic contrast
key words
phonetically similar sounds
related in two ways
two distinctive phonemes
e.g.
/p/and /b/
/PIt/and /bit/
complementary distribution
allophones of the same phoneme
occur in different phonetic environments
minimal pair
definition
two different words identical in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same strings
e.g.
pill and bill
some rules in phonology
suprasegmental features——stress,tone,intonation