现在完成时 (2)(2)

这是一个关于现在完成时 (2)(2)的思维导图，主要内容有定义、句型、标志词、动词的变化规则、常考句型等。

现在完成时 

• 1.定义
  • 过去动词对现在的影响“已经” I have bought this book
  • 过去动词一直到现在 I have had this book for 3 years
• 2.句型
  • 1肯定句 have/has done
  • 2否定句 haven¹t/hasn¹t done
  • 3一般疑问句 
    • 1.Has/Haves...done？
    • 2.肯定回答 Yes,主语have/has
    • 3否定回答 Yes 主语haven¹t/hasn¹t
  • 4.特殊疑问句 How long have/has ...done？
• 3.标志词
  • 1.already 已经 肯定句 I have arleady seen this moves
  • 2.yet 已经 一般疑问句，还 肯定句
    • I haven¹t seen this movie
    • Have you seen this movie yet
  • 3.never从不. ever曾经（一般疑问句）.just刚刚.before从前.lntely最近.so far到目前为止 .in the tow days 在过去的两天 .
  • 4.never自从，for长达，how long长时间
    • sine+
      • 时间点 
      • 句子 或单词或短语 ，一般过去时
    • for+时间段
• 6.动词的变化规则
  • 规则
    • 1.直接加ed
    • 2.辅音 y-ied
    • 3.双字母+ed
  • 不规则
    • 1.ABC
      • been-日waswere一日be born-bore-bear忍受 egun-0began-0begin开始 blown-0blew-0blov broken-0broke-break打破 chosen-chose-ochoose选择 done-did-odo做+ drawn-0 drew--draw画t drunk-0drank-0 drink喝t driven-drove-drive驾驶 aten-0ate-0eat fallen-心fell-fall落 given一。gave-give给 gone一went-go grown-0grew-0grow成长 hidden一hid一hide隐藏 known-。knew-know知道 lain心lay-。lie躺 mistaken一。mistook一。mistake误解 ridden一rodeoride马 risen-0rose0rise升起 seen-saw-see看 shakenshook一shake摇动 shone-0shook一shine照耀 shown-showed-0show展示 sung-sang一。sing唱 spoken一。spoke一speak讲 stolen-0stole--steal偷1 taken-otook--take带走，花费 thrown一threw一throw扔 woken一。woke一。wake醒来 written--0wrote-write写
    • 2.ABB
      • built-built一build建造 burnt/burned一。burnt/bunedburn燃烧 bought一口bought-0bu caught一。caught一catch抓住 dreamed/dreamt-0 dreamed/dreamt-dream梦想 fed一。fed一。feed喂养 felt-felt-0 feel感觉 fought。fought一fight打架 found-found-心find发现 hung一。hung-心hang悬挂 had一。had-ohave有1 heard一。heard-hear听到 held-held-hold抓住，持有 kept-。kept一心keep保持 laid-oaid-olay放置，下蛋 led-心led-lead带领 learnt/learned-。learnt/learned一learn 学习 left-left-leave离开 lent-lent-。lend 借出 lit/lighted一。lit/lighted一。light照亮，点 lost一。lost一。lose丢失 meant-meant-mean意思是，打算 met一心met一meet见面 paid-paid-0pay支付 said一。said一。say说 sent一。sent-0send发送，派遣 sat-0sat一。sit坐 slept-0slept-0sleep睡 sped/speeded-0sped/speeded-0speed加速 stood-stood-心stand站立，忍受 stuck-stuck-stick粘 taught。taught-teach教 thought-thoughtthink思考 understood。understoodunderstand理解
    • 3.AAA
      • costcost-cost化费 cut-cut-cut切 hit-hit一hit打 hurt-hurthurt伤害 let心let-let让 read心read-read读 setset-set放。使开始 shuL-shut-shut关闭 spread-spread-spread传播 became-becane-become变成
    • 4.ABA
      • became-becanebecome变成 come.came-come来 run心ron一。ran跑
    • 5.AAB
      • beaten-beat-beat
• 5常考句型
• 4.易考易错 
  • 1.vs一般过去时
    • 1.现在完成时和现在有联系
    • 2.一般过去时和现在没有联系
  • 2.延续性和非延续性 
    • 非延续–延续
      • 
  • 3.三大谜团
    • have/has been to 去过
    • have/has gone to 去了
    • have/has been in 在某地居住