50个句型搞定英语口语——语法篇

这是一篇关于50个句型搞定英语口语——语法篇的思维导图，主要内容有五大词性*五大句型、陈述句(2)*疑问句(4)、祈使句*感叹句、16种时态。

50个句型搞定英语口语 ——语法篇

• 五大词性*五大句型
  • 五大词性
    • 名词
      • 可数
        • 单数
          • apple
        • 复数
          • apples
      • 不可数
        • water
    • 代词
      • apple
        • it
      • apples
        • they
    • 动词
      • 句子的灵魂
        • run, fly, eat
        • be
          • 单数
            • 肯定
              • will be
              • is
              • was
            • 否定
              • will not be/ won't be
              • is not/ isn't
              • was not/ wasn't
          • 复数
            • 肯定
              • will be
              • are
              • were
            • 否定
              • will not be/ won't be
              • are not/ aren't
              • were not/ weren't
    • 形容词
      • 衬托名词
      • a red apple
    • 副词
      • 修饰动词、形容词、副词
      • run fast
        • fly high
  • 五大句型
    • 主要成分
      • S 主语
        • Birds fly.
      • V 谓语
        • Birds fly.
      • O 宾语
        • I eat an apple.
      • C 补语
        • SC 表语
          • I am a student.
        • OC 宾补
          • I made her cry.
    • S+V
      • Birds fly.
    • S+V+SC
      • I am a student.
    • S+V+O
      • I eat an apple.
    • S+V+O+O
      • I bought him a book.
    • S+V+O+OC
      • I made her cry.
• 陈述句（2）*疑问句（4）
  • 陈述句
    • 肯定
      • 主语+动词+（宾语）
        • I like cartoons.
          • 主语+及物动词+宾语
        • She smiles.
          • 主语+不及物动词
        • They live in New York.
          • 主语+不及物动词+介词+宾语
      • 主语+系动词+表语
        • be, get, become, grow, go, seem, remain, keep
          • My father is a lawyer.
          • He became a famous director later.
        • look, feel, taste, sound, smell
          • Your face feels cold.
          • The apple tastes sour.
    • 否定
      • 一般动词的否定句
        • 主语+do/does/did+not+动词原形
        • I don't like hamburgers.
      • be动词的否定句
        • 主语+be动词+not+...
        • She wasn't at home during that time.
      • 助动词的否定句
        • 主语+will/have/has...+not+...
        • He hasn't come back yet.
        • The old machine will not be repaired.
      • 情态动词的否定句
        • 主语+can/may/must/could/would...+not+动词原形
        • My mother can't speak Chinese.
        • You mustn't miss the movie.
  • 疑问句
    • 一般疑问句
      • be动词+主语+...?
        • Are you hungry?
      • 助动词+主语+...?
        • Did he pass the test yesterday?
        • Have you been to Japan recently?
      • 情态动词+主语+动词原形+...?
        • Can I help you?
        • Need you go there so soon?
      • 助动词或情态动词的否定缩写+主语+...?
        • Can't you drive a car?
        • Won't she come?
    • 特殊疑问句
      • 特殊疑问词
        • who, what, which, where, why, when, how
      • 语序
        • 倒装句
          • 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
        • 陈述句
          • 特殊疑问词做主语或修饰主语
      • 例句
        • What are you doing in the lab?
        • When do you go to school every day?
        • How is the weather?
        • 倒装语序：疑问句
        • Who will teach us English this term?
          • 自然语序：陈述句
    • 选择疑问句
      • 一般疑问句+or+一般疑问句？
        • Would you like coffee or (would you like) juice?
        • or后面，与前面相同的部分，省略
      • 特殊疑问句，A or B?
        • Which do you prefer, talk show or soap operas?
        • 你比较喜欢哪一类，脱口秀还是肥皂剧？
    • 反义疑问句
      • William is an exchange student, isn't he?
        • 威廉是一名交换生，对吗？
      • We don't have classes today, do we?
        • 我们今天没有课，对吗？
• 祈使句*感叹句
  • 祈使句
    • 一般祈使句
      • 肯定
        • Open your mouth, please.
        • Be quiet!
      • 否定
        • do not(don't) + v.
          • Don't worry.
        • never+ v.
          • Never do that again.
        • no + v.ing
          • No smoking.
          • No parking.
    • let
      • 规则
        • let me + v.
          • Let me do it by myself.
        • let us + v.
          • Let us forget it.
            • 主语是you
            • us不包括you
        • let's + v.
          • Let's go shopping.
            • 主语是us
            • us包括说话者和听话者
        • let + 宾语（三单）+v.
          • Let her go with us.
      • 例句
        • Let us help her.
          • 请让我们帮助她。
            • 帮助者不包括你
        • Let's help her.
          • 让我们来帮助她吧。
            • 帮助者包括你
      • 否定
        • Don't let her play on the street.
          • 不要让他在街上玩耍。
        • Let's not say anything about it.
          • 我们就别再讨论这件事了。
  • 感叹句
    • what
      • +n
        • 可数
          • 单数
            • What a cute puppy (it is)!
              • 好可爱的小狗啊！
            • What an honest girl (you are)!
              • 你真是个诚实的女孩！
          • 复数
            • What beautiful flowers (they are)!
              • 多漂亮的花朵啊！
            • What lovely children (they are)!
              • 多可爱的孩子啊！
        • 不可数
          • What bad news (it is)!
            • 真是个坏消息！
          • What dirty water (it is)!
            • 好脏的水啊！
      • +句子
        • What Dad suffered in the past!
          • 爸爸过去吃了多少苦啊！
    • how
      • +adj.
        • How moving the story is!
          • 多感人的故事啊！
      • +adv.
        • How high he jumped!
          • 他跳得多高啊！
        • How quickly he runs!
          • 他跑得真快啊！
      • +句子
        • How we miss you!
          • 我们多想念你啊！
        • How I wish I had a dog!
          • 我多希望我有只狗啊！
      • +adj + a(n) + 单数
        • How brave a sodier he is!
          • 他是多么勇敢的士兵啊！
    • 其它
      • 单词
        • Oh!
          • Well!
            • Why!
              • Excellent!
      • 词组
        • Dear me!
          • My God!
• 16种时态
  • 4种时间
    • 过去
    • 现在
    • 将来
    • 过去将来
  • 4种方式
    • 一般时
    • 进行时
    • 完成时
    • 完成进行时
  • 1. 一般现在时
    • The roach dies. 那只蟑螂死去。
      • What happens in the end of the story?
      • The roach dies.
  • 2. 现在进行时
    • The roach is dying. 那只蟑螂正在死亡的过程中。
      • Can I come in now? Have you killed the roach yet?
      • Wait a minute. The roach is dying.
  • 3. 现在完成时
    • The roach has died. 蟑螂死掉了。
      • Is it safe to come in yet?
      • Yep. The roach has died.
  • 4. 现在完成进行时
    • The roach has been dying. 蟑螂直到现在都还在死亡过程中。
      • Has the roach died yet?
      • It has been dying for an hour, but it's still alive.
  • 5. 一般过去时
    • The roach died. 蟑螂死了。
      • 不含其它含义。
  • 6. 过去进行时
    • The roach was dying. 蟑螂刚刚在死亡的过程中。
      • 暗示：但现在不清楚。
  • 7. 过去完成时
    • She had thought eggplants were yucky. 她本来觉得茄子很恶心。
      • 暗示：现在不觉得了。
  • 8. 过去完成进行时
    • THe roach had been dying. 蟑螂刚刚还在死掉的过程中。
      • 暗示：这下有活蹦乱跳了。
  • 9. 一般将来时
    • The roach will die. 这只蟑螂会死。
  • 10. 将来进行时
    • The roach will be dying. 这只蟑螂之后就会死亡过程了。
  • 11. 将来完成时
    • The roach will have died (in three hours). 这只蟑螂（三小时内）就会死掉了。
  • 12. 将来完成进行时
    • The roach will have been dying (for three hours) (at ten o'clock). (到了十点的时候，）这只蟑螂就将会垂死挣扎（三小时）了。
  • 13. 一般过去将来时
    • The roach would die. 这只蟑螂会死。
      • He said the roach would die.
  • 14. 过去将来进行时
    • The roach would be dying. 这只蟑螂之后会进入死亡过程。
      • He said the roach would be dying.
  • 15. 过去将来完成时
    • The roach would have died (in three hours). 这只蟑螂（三个小时内）就会死掉了。
      • He said the roach would have died in three hours.
      • 另外，也可以表示说得不正确。（实际上没死）
  • 16. 过去将来完成时
    • The roach would have been dying (for three hours) (at ten o'clock). （到了十点的时候，）这只蟑螂就将会垂死挣扎（三个小时）了。
      • He said the roach would have been dying for three hours at ten o'clock.