如何读期刊（how to read a journal article）

如何找期刊文章？找期刊论文材料究竟是找什么？期刊论文有个什么结构？应该怎么读？学术英语基础, 论文作为期刊发表，学术方面。提供参考 如有问题希望指正，How to find journal articles? What are you looking for? What is the structure of the paper? How should you read it? Fundamentals of Academic English.If there is any problem。

How to read ajournal article

• journal articles
  • types of articals
    • Primary literature
    • Seaconary literature
  • IF
    • impact factor
  • Where to find
    • your university's library catalogue
    • medline
    • PubMeD
    • Web of Science
    • Goole Scholar
• What are you looking for
  • idea for a research
    • 原始研究文章
    • 随机对照实验
    • 控制临床试验
    • 实验研究
    • 队列研究
    • 病例对照研究
  • diagnosis/therapy/prognosis
    • 评论
    • 诉讼
    • 教科书
    • 案例系列
    • 案例报告
  • topic overview/updates
    • 叙事评论
    • 系统评价
    • 荟萃分析
• you do not need to read every single journal article
  • read enough to have a comprehensive view
  • focus on articles that are recent,relevant and well cited
• Structure of a paper
  • title
    • specific enough
    • not general
    • topic
    • information about the authors
  • abstract
    • brietf overview/summary
    • 200~300words
  • introduction
    • essential
    • background information
    • statement of the research hipothesis
  • methods
    • details
    • instruments
    • procedures followed
    • variables measured
  • results
    • datas
      • figures
      • tables
      • graphs
  • discussion
    • interpretationof the results
      • meaning
      • contribution
      • following
    • implications of the study
  • references/bibliography
• do not need to read the full article(忙，不感兴趣)
  • 07take notes
    • active reading
    • use excel to build a catalogue of the literature
      • you can usefilters
      • color code
      • sort information
    • keep track of your sources with references to avoid plagiarism(避免抄袭)
  • 06jump to the conclusion
    • summarize the article's findings,weaknesses and implications
    • answers
    • highlights areas that require further research(研究差距)
  • 05skip methodology
    • explain
    • methodologies are important if you are writing a critical review at graduate level
    • unless
      • interest
      • reasons
  • get a big picture
    • the key questions
    • findings
  • 04stop reading if it does not make sense
    • at the the end of the introduction,ask yourself
      • did i understand at least 50% of what waas written
      • is this article still relevant to me
      • did i write down one key point that i can use in my essay
    • if a journal article does not make sense
      • write
        • write down
          • what you don't understand and why you don't understand it
          • what you think the author is saying
          • words that didn't make sense to you &look them up
        • highlidht sentences that confused you
      • read
        • more background information in textbooks
      • ask
        • a colleague or a professor for help
  • 03always read the introduction/background
    • the topic
    • implications
    • identify key points
      • worthwhile for your own writing
    • improtant sources you can also cite
  • 02scan before you read
    • look through the article to find the important sections to read
    • don't read sections you don't have to
    • look through all of the article's headings to get an idea of what wil be discussed in each section
  • 01read the abstruct first(ask you)
    • is this relevant to my essay topic
    • what is the key argument of this piece
    • how is this article related to the other ones i've read
• find more related articles
  • when you find a useful paper check the references to find other relevant sources
  • 确定与你主题相关的最重要的出版物，查看重复引用
    • 如果同一作者，书籍或文章一直出现在你的阅读中，一定要找出来
  • find paper with many citations
• what to include in your notes
  • author,date,title
  • categories or keywords
  • key arguments/points
  • methodology
  • quotations
    • important lines you might be use in your literature review
  • notes
    • additional information
    • connections to or disagreements with other theories
    • shortcomings or limitations
• checking if an article is well cited
• narrowing down results
  • and
  • or
  • not
    • e.g.diabets NOT type 1 diabetes
• searching key wiords
  • make a list of ke wordsa
  • key words can be single word or phrases
  • use quotes
    • e.g."brest cancer"