The Age of Reason and the Enlightenment

这是一篇关于The Age of Reason and the Enlightenment的思维导图，主要内容有1.Growth of rational spirit2.Deism and Classicism3.The awakening of humanity等。

The Age of Reason and the Enlightenment

• 1. Growth of rational spirit
  • Background
    • • The rise of western modern nation-state
      • The far-reaching influence of the Christian spirit
      • The belief tradition is still true
  • Performance: general skepticism and empirical stance
  • 17 Common Features of Philosophy and Science in the World
    • Starting point: experience observation
    • Research method: experiment
    • Criterion for judging truth and falsehood: rationality
  • Achievements
    • Secular society
      • Rulers all over the world hold positive attitudes towards science
      • Scientists endure humiliation for their correct development
    • Scientific field
      • Galileo built telescopes to observe celestial bodies
      • Levinhook made a microscope to observe microorganisms
      • Harvey discovered the human blood circulation
      • Kepler discovered three laws of planetary motion
      • Newton proposed the law of universal gravitation, etc
• 2. Deism and Classicism
  • Deism
    • View of God: God is a rational creator
    • Natural Religion: Emphasizing Morality and Rationality
    • Rationalization of Christianity
  • Classicism
    • Representative works of tragedy
      • Gao Naiyi's Xide and Horace
      • Racine's Andromak
    • characteristic
      • Specification of modulation form
      • Control emotion with reason
      • Imitate ancient Greece
      • Pay attention to symmetry and harmony
• 3. The awakening of humanity
  • Course
  • Changes in the 17th Century
    • Literature and Art
      • Tragedy of Classicism
      • Folk literature
    • Architecture
      • Baroque architecture
      • Gothic architecture
    • Natural Science
      • Copernicus: heliocentric theory
      • Newton: Mechanical Theory
• 4. French Enlightenment in the 18th Century
  • Background
    • Deism and Classicism in the 17th century
    • The skepticism of empiricism and rationalism
    • France guides the new trend of Europe in social etiquette, literature and art
    • The religious belief is very conservative
  • Camp
    • Deist
    • Atheist
    • Theist
    • Priest
  • Representative Figure
    • Rising Period (Britain)
      • Hobbes
      • Locke
    • High tide period (France)
      • Montesquieu
      • Rousseau
      • Voltaire
    • Extended period (Germany)
      • Kant
  • Critical Content
    • The hypocrisy, insidious and cruelty of the Catholic Church
    • The corruption of Catholic priests
    • The ideological root of religiousignorance and the political Basis ofreligious autocracy
  • Ideological Weapon
    • Sound reason
    • Historical facts
  • Meaning
    • Revealing and destroying the religious foundation on which feudal autocracy depended
  • Historical Position
    • an important hub connecting the ideological revolution in the 17th century and the social revolution at the end of the 18th century
  • Valuation
    • It exposed and destroyed a series of religious foundations such as autocracy
    • It relentlessly criticized the religious ignorance and the autocratic ideology of the Catholic Church at that time
• 5. The harmony between religious belief and scientific reason
  • Rousseau's religious thought
  • Kant's religious thought
  • Schleiermacher's Religious Thought
  • Christian Belief in Modern Western Culture