英语二考研要点

英语二备考，不同题型解题要点汇总，为考生提供一份详尽的攻略指南。无论是对于英语基础扎实的考生，还是希望在短时间内实现突破的学习者，本文的英语二备考题型解题要点汇总都将是一份不可多得的宝贵资源。让我们携手并进，在英语二的备考之路上不断前行，共同迎接成功的曙光。

英语二要点

• 短文写作
  • 类型
    • 通过图文形式反映某种发展趋势或某种现象
  • 三段论
    • 图表阐释
      • 点题，描述图标中数据的主要特征或变化趋势
      • 动态图
        • 柱形图、曲线图
        • 陈述主题
          • 根据中文语段将标题划分为词组
          • 将词组翻译成相应的英文
          • 将中文语序颠倒顺序变成英文语序
          • 在各词组之间添加适当的介词
        • 整体趋势
          • （各）变量名称+变化趋势+时间范围
          • 上升/下降
            • 各变量趋势基本一致
          • 发生变化
            • 各变量变化不一致
        • 关注焦点
          • 该句主要为第二段展开做铺垫
        • 过渡句
          • 完成对图表变化的总结，又要衔接第一二段
      • 静态图
        • 饼图、表格
    • 分析论证
      • 分析图表所反映现象背后的原因或其带来的影响
    • 总结预测
      • 表达看法，预测未来情况货提出解决问题的办法或建议
• 语言写作技巧
  • 词汇
    • 其他替换
      • 名词
        • person
          • individual
        • people
          • individuals,folks,characters
        • human beings
          • mankind,human race,humanity
        • thing
          • matter,affair,business
        • problem
          • issue,trouble,headache,dilemma,crisis
        • advantage
          • merit,virtue,strength,superiority
        • disadventage
          • demerit,drawback,downside,shortcoming,fualt,defect,weakness
        • measure
          • step,action,program,counter-measure
        • purpose
          • aim,goal,intention,point,object
      • 动词
        • think
          • believe,feel,consider,count,deem,hold,insist,maintain,argue,assume,reskon
          • in my opinion/eyes/mind，for my part，as for me，as far as I am concerned，in my point of view，from my perspective/standpoint/viewpoint，according to me，the way I see it
          • when it comes to me，hold the view/opinion that...，take the view that...，take the attitude that...，it is universally acknowledeged that...，it is widely shared/believed that...，I am convinced that...，it is a well-know fact that...，it is a widely-held belief that...，there is no denying that...
        • harm
          • damage,impair,prejudice,destroy,undermine,threaten,endanger,jeopardize,devastate
          • do harm to,do more harm than good,be harmful to,pose/present a threat to,cause damage to
        • decide
          • be determined to，choose to do，make up one's mind to do，make a decision to do，resolve to do，come to/reach a decision
        • remember
          • memorize,recollect
          • bear in mind that,keep...in mind
        • prepare
          • get ready for，make preparetions for，pave the way for，lay the groundwork for，gear up for
        • solve
          • resolve,settle,handle,tackle,deal with,approach,address
        • ease
          • allevate,relieve,lessen
        • realize
          • accomplish,achieve,complete,attain,reach,fulfill
        • influence
          • impact on,have a far-reaching impact on,exert an overwhelming influence on,while a great influence over
        • show
          • describe,depict,present,demonstrate,reflect,indicate,illustrate,reveal
        • cause
          • trigger,spark,provoke,give rise to,lead to,bring about,result in,be responsible for,contribute to
        • ignore
          • overlook,take no notice of,turn a blind eye to
        • protect
          • guard，safeguard，shield，shelter，preserve，conserve，give/offer/provide protection
        • occupy
          • take up
        • consist of
          • be made up of,be composed of,comprise
        • be related to
          • be connected/linked/associated with,be relevant to
        • get rid of
          • remove,eliminate,eradicate,abolish,take away,smooth away
        • try one's best to do
          • try one's hardest to do，do one's best/utmost to do，spare no effort to do，make every effort to，make a painstaking effort to do，take pains in doing，do sth.at full stretch，put one's back into sth.，with all one's might
        • sb.is interested in
          • sb.has/shows/takes an interest in sth.，sth. be of interest to sb.，sth. appeals to sb.，sb. be fascinated with/by sth.，sth. exert a tremendous fascination on sb.
        • pay attention to
          • put/place emphasis on，give/attach weight to，lay/put/place stress on，attach importance to，devote much attention to，put/place a premiun on
          • importance should be attached to，weight should be given to，great attention ought to be devoted to，due attention should be paid to
        • want to do
          • would like to do,plan to do,desire to do,intend to do,be willing to do,mean to do
      • 形容词
        • important
          • significant，essential， vital，crucial，key，chief，principal，indispensable，noteworthy，irreplaceable，paramount
          • play a decisive role, be of great/utmost/considerable importance
        • big
          • great, huge,enormous , massive, vast, colossal, tremendous
        • good
          • impressive, awesome，great，wonderful，terrific， fantastic，brilliant， amazing，incredible，excellent， superb，exceptional，outstanding，rosy，promising， favorable，positive， glorious，pleasurable，beneficial， rewarding
        • bad
          • poor, frightful，disappointing，negative，adverse， unfavorable，undesirable，awful，terrible，dreadful， horrible，lousy，severe，abysmal
        • difficult
          • hard，tough，tricky，awkward，challenging， demanding， arduous，formidable，complicate，dintricate
        • obvious
          • clear，evident，apparent，noticeable，manifest， unmistakable，self-evident
        • many kind of
          • various，diverse， all sorts of,a variety of， various/diverse kinds of，a wide range of
      • 副词
        • obviously
          • clearly ,evidently,apparently , noticeably , manifestly
        • always
          • permanently，consistently，invariably, forever
        • now
          • nowadays, today,currently, at present, at the present time
        • very
          • distinctly，exceedingly，extremely，highly
        • too much
          • excessively，immoderately
        • more and more
          • increasingly，progressively
• 词汇
  • 图表阐释词汇替换
    • 变化
      • 上升
        • 动词
          • rise,increase,grow,climb,go up,boom,rocket,surge,soar
        • 名词
          • a rise,an increase,a growth,a climb,an upward trend，an upsurge,a dramatic rise
      • 下降
        • 动词
          • fall,decrease,decline,reduce,drop,go down,slump,plummet,plunge
        • 名词
          • a fall,a decrease,a decline,a reduction,a drop，a downward trend,a slump,a dramatic fall
      • 持平
        • 动词
          • remain stable,remain stready,remain unchanged，stay constant,level off/out,reach a plateau,maintain the same level
        • 名词
          • little/no change,hardly any change,a leveling off/out
      • 波动
        • 动词
          • fluctuate,rebound,reach a peak of,bottom out,hit a high of,hit a low of
        • 名词
          • a fluctuation,peak,maximum,minimum,the highest point,the lowest point
    • 变化的程度
      • 剧烈的
        • dramatic,sharp,steep,rapid,quick,swift,sudden,huge，enormous,substantial,considerable,significant,marked，noticeable,remarkable
      • 轻微的
        • slow,gentle,gradual,smooth,moderate,slight,mild,modest,minimal,marginal,small
    • 比较
      • 对比
        • but,however,while,whereas,nevertheless,nonetheless,rather,instead,unlike,conversely,inversely,be different from,be opposed to,in contrast to,by contrast,on the contrary
      • 类比
        • similarly,like,alike,likewise,equally,in the same way，as...as...,have...in common,be analogous to,be parallel to
    • 大约
      • about,approximately,roughly,around,in the neighberhood of，almost,neary,or so,or thereabouts,just under/over,well under/over
  • 其他
    • some
      • a few,a small number of
    • many
      • numerous，countless, innumerable,quite a few,a lot of, lots of, a large/great number of, an armyof, a host of, a multitude of, a wide/whole/full range of,aconsiderable proportion/amount/number of,an enormous number of
    • enough
      • sufficient, adequate, ample, abundant, plenty of
    • because
      • since，as，in that，now that，for the reason that，considering seeing, because of, owing to，due to，by reason of，as a result of，on account of，by virtue of， on the grounds of，given
    • though
      • although, while, however, no matter how, even if/eventhough，despite,in spite of,regardless of, irrespective of, for all
    • about
      • regarding，concerning，in terms of，with regard/respect/reference to，as regards，in the case of，when it comes to ..
    • only in this way
      • only by doing so, only by this means , It is in this way that ...
    • to do
      • in order to do, for the purpose of doing sth., for the sake of sth./sb., with a view to (doing) sth., with the aim of doing sth.，be designed/calculated/intended to do sth.
    • it is high time that
      • it is imperative for sb. to do, it is about time that sb. did/should do
    • for exemple
      • like,for instance, take sth. for example, such as，... is a perfect/typical example，A case in point is that ...，sth. provide(s) us with a good illustration, There's no betterexample than ...
    • Firstly...secondly
      • on the one hand,... on the other hand, for one thing, ... for another, ... at last, ... to begin with, ... moreover/what is more,...last but not least，there is one more point I feel I ought to touch upon ...
• 语言写作
• 应用文写作
  • 格式
    • 书信格式
      • 称呼
        • 收信人明确
          • 1)知道收信人的姓名:Dear Mr. Black,/Dear Ms.Shane,/Dear Bob,/Dear LiMing,...
          • 2)知道收信人的职位:Dear President,/Dear Professor,/Dear Manager,...
          • 3)知道自己与收信人的关系:Dear Friend,/Dear Mom,/Dear Brother,...
          • 无论称呼是什么,标点符号建议统一使用“,”称呼中表示称呼语或职位的单词首字母大写
        • 收信人不明确
          • 用Dear Sir or Madam,/To Whom It May Concern,
      • 正文
        • 第一段
          • 写信目的
        • 第二段
          • 写信内容
        • 第三段
          • 结尾客套话
      • 结尾礼词
        • 1)较为正式的信函：Yours sincerely,/Sincerely yours,
        • 2)私人信函,结尾礼词使用Yours
      • 署名
        • 由题目要求决定
    • 通知格式
      • 标题
        • Notice/Announcement
      • 日期
        • 标题靠右，月 日，年
      • 称呼
        • 可以不写
      • 正文
        • 第一段
          • 通知目的
        • 第二段
          • 通知内容
        • 第三段
          • 联系方式，表示期待
      • 署名
        • 题中规定，若无规定，则使用个人署名“Li Ming”
    • 备忘录和报告格式
      • 标题
        • report/Memo
      • 接收人/部门
        • 题中规定
      • 发送人/部门
        • 题中规定，人前不用尊称
      • 日期
        • 月 日，年
      • 主题
        • 文中一般有明确规定，主要内容概括性小标题
      • 正文
        • 从事件时间、地点、内容或结论展开
        • 主题下面空两行写正文
        • 不用加称呼和结尾礼词