导图社区 状语、状语从句
该导图描述了状语的概念、状语成分、状语位置,状语从句的构成、引导词、时态、9大状语从句,以及如何区分状语从句和定语从句 整理的内容简介,关键词突出
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内科护理学—神经系统—4发作性疾病; 学习备考期间整理总结的学习资料; 重点突出,内容简洁,条理清晰; 在此分享出来,希望能帮到您。 参考资料:人卫内科护理学、习题集和考研大纲等。 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。 喜欢的话就点赞支持鼓励一下啦 ♥ 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。
学习备考期间整理总结的学习资料; 重点突出,内容简洁,条理清晰; 在此分享出来,希望能帮到您。 参考资料:人卫内科护理学、习题集和考研大纲等。 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。 喜欢的话就点赞支持鼓励一下啦 ♥ 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。
内科护理学—神经系统—2脑血管疾病; 学习备考期间整理总结的学习资料; 重点突出,内容简洁,条理清晰; 在此分享出来,希望能帮到您。 参考资料:人卫内科护理学、习题集和考研大纲等。 关于您的疑问:可在评论区留言,看到必回复。 喜欢的话就点赞支持鼓励一下啦 ♥
状语、状语从句
状从
构成
状从在主句前
引导词+状从,+主句
状从在句首,必须加逗号
状从在主句后
主句+引导词+状从
状从在句末,逗号可加可不加
引导词
分类标准
引导词本身的意思
分类9
时间状从、地点状从、原因状从、目的状从、结果状从、条件状从、让步状从、方式状从、比较状从
时态
主句表过去
状从用相应过去式
Before I went home,my mother had slept.
主句表将来
状从用一般现在时,“主将从现”
I will treat you if I manage to pass the examination of postgraduates.
主句表将来完成
状从用现在完成时
As soon as I have finished this work,I will have gone home.
9大状从
时间状从
引导词
普通
When (在…时侯)、while(在…期间)、since(自从…以来)、as (正当/随着)
once(一旦)、as soon as (一…就)
not…until(直到…才)、until/till(直到…时)
名词短语
the instant(当…时候)、the moment(一…就)、the day (那一天)、every time(每当)
副词
一…就
Immediately、directly
no sooner …than 、hardly …when、scarcely …when
when的特殊用法
when引导时间状从,主、从句主语一致,从句谓语是be 动词时,可省略从句的主语+be 动词
举例
When I was a little girl,I loved you very much.
省略后
When a little girl,I loved you very much.
区别when、while 、as
看从句谓语动词
When(当…时候)
延续性
When I lived in the countryside, I used to live a tough life.
短暂性
When the teacher came in ,we stop talking.
While (在…时候)
只能是延续性
While my mother was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.
强调主从句对比
I like playing football while you like playing basketball.
As
延续性
一边…一边…
主从句动作同时发生
We always sing as we talk.
随着…
As families moved away from their stable community,the informal flow of information is cut off.
no sooner …than 、hardly …when
翻译
一…就…
时态
主句
过去完成时
从句
一般过去时
高级用法(倒装)
no sooner …than
I had no sooner begun to take a shower,the water was unavailable.
No sooner had I begun to take a shower,the water was unavailable.
hardly …when
They hardly had arrived at the bus stop when the bus started leave.
Hardly had they arrived at the bus stop when the bus started to leave.
区别until、not…until
看主句谓语动词
Until
延续性
I will wait here until you come.
Not …until
短暂性
I will not leave until you come.
地点状从
引导词
常用
Where
不常用
Wherever 、anywhere 、everywhere
where引导的地点状从、定从
区别
看where是否指代前面的先行词
指代
定从
不指代
地点状从
where引导地点状从
where是从属连词,从句修饰主句谓语
I find my phone where I had lost it.
where引导定从
where是关系副词,从句修饰先行词
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
转换
地点状从变定从
状从前面+In/at the +具体地点
举例
地点状从
We will start where we left off.
定从
We will start at the point where we left off.
原因状从
引导词
常用
because for since as
不常用
seeing that 、considering that 、given that 、now that、in that、as much as 、so much as
特殊
介词短语+名词(短语)
because of 、for the sake of 、as a result of
owing to、thanks to 、due to
目的状从
引导词
so that 、in order that
动词不定式表目的
to 、in order to、so as to +动原
总结
In order to
前后主语一致
In order not to let their children worry about them,parents getting old gradually are always telling a variety of lies.
In order that
前后主语不一致
Parents getting old gradually are always telling a variety of lies in order that their children will not worry about them.
结果状从
引导词
常用
so that 、so …that 、such …that
不常用
to the degree that 、to the extent that 、to such a degree that
区别
so that
引导目的状从
连用情态动词
I hurried through my work so that I could be on time for the TV.
引导结果状从
不连用情态动词
We moved to the country so that we were away from the noisy city.
so …that
so +形/副+that
…So boring that …
so +many/much/few/little 名词+that
…So little money …
so +形 a/an 名词+that
…So nice a teacher …
such …that
Such + a/an 形 名词+that
…such a terrible show …
Such +形 可数名词复数/不可数 +that
条件状从
引导词
常用
If 、unless
特殊
只要
as/so long as 、only if
假如
providing/provided that 、supposing (that)
in case that (以防)、on condition that (如果)
让步状从
引导词
常用
though 、although 、even if、even though(即使、虽然)
特殊
as、while (“虽然”—用在句首)
no matter …(无论)、in spite of the fact that (虽然、尽管)
whatever、whoever无论谁
作文(经典表达)
Although he failed again and again,he still adhere to pursuing his dream.
分析原因时,用来拉长句子
方式状从
引导词
常用
as 、as if 、as though (好像)
特殊
the way
介词(短语)表方式
by、through 、in…way 、in …manner (以…方式)
比较状从
引导词
常用
than
The youth of today are better off than we used to be.
as
She is not so energetic as she used to be.
特殊
as…as…
和…一样…,有形容词、副词可用该句型
She looks as graceful as a red rose.
the more …the more …
越…,越…
The harder one works, the luckier he will fell.
more than
+名词(短语)
不只是
He is more than a thecher.
+动词(词组)
不只是
+形容词(短语)
非常
He is more than hospitable.
+数词
超过
I have more than 10 boys.
not so much as =not even
没有/甚至不
He cannot so much as sing a song.
Not so much A as B
与其说A,不如说B
He is not so much a teacher as a poet.
more A than B
与其说B,不如说A
He is more a teacher than a poet.
区别状从、定从
区分像定语、又像状语的情况
I love a boy in the kindergarten.
定语翻译
我爱上了一个幼儿园的男孩
状语翻译
在幼儿园,我爱上了一个小男孩
总结
定语优先原则
区分when引导的是定从还是状从
关键看when前面的词是否表示时间
是
定从
这时、当时
I still remember that day when you promised you would love me forever.
否
状从
当…时候
I was singing when she came in.
状语、状从的应用
写作
描述图画
In this easy but meaningful caricature,a man who looks rather less impressive is saying “All is over “ while covering his face with a hand.
By contrast,another one active as well as optimistic is saying “Luckily,there still exists a little “,as the water is dropped on the ground.
分析原因
Setting off firecrackers can add atmosphere.
+定语、状语、同位语
Although quite a few private individuals argue that it sounds too noisy,setting off firecrackers,a Chinese tradition for years,can add the atmosphere of holidays and festivals when almost all Chinese are free at home.
长难句
识别状语
成分4
副词(短语)
介词短语
分词、不定式
从句
位置灵活3
句首
句中
句末
翻译
通常翻译在句首
时间、原因、方式、目的、条件状语
分词作状语
如何将状从变成分词作状语
状从
If winter comes,spring will arrive soon.
When I was a little girl, I was eager to grow up.
步骤3
1去:引导词
2变:动词变成不是动词
3看:前后主语是否一致
一致
省略分词主语
分词
非谓语结构作状语
Being a little girl, I was eager to grow up.
不一致
保留分词主语
分词
独立主格
Winter coming,spring will arrive soon.
必须有状从,才能用分词作状语?
不是
当逗号连接两个句子时,把次要句子变成分词作状语
什么是状语
概念
在一个句子中,用来修饰实义动词(词组)、形容词(短语)、副词、整个句子的成分,这个成分就是状语
成分4
副词(短语)
介词短语
分词、不定式
从句
位置
极其灵活,任意放在句中,多见于句首、句末
句首
In Chongqing,I am now working.
句中
I am now in chongqing working.
句末
I am now working in chongqing.
句首,常用逗号隔开
引语
形容词(短语)
修饰名词(短语)/代词
副词(短语)
修饰实义动词(词组)、形容词(短语)、副词、整个句子
只能做状语