英国文学史

这是一个关于英国文学史的思维导图，主要内容有1.old(450-1066)、2.middle(1066-1485)、3.renaissance(1485-1625)等。

英国文学史

• 1.old(450-1066)
  • Roman Conquest
  • the Anglo-Saxons
  • Beowulf
    • alliterative verse
    • national epic
    • literary epic
      • composed by individual poetic craftsmen in deliberate imitation of the traditional form
    • traditional epic
      • written versions of what had originally been oral poems about a tribal or national hero during a warlike age.
    • epic convention
      • begins by starting his argument, or epic theme, invokes a muse or guiding spirit to inspire him
      • starts in the middle of things, at a critical point in the action.
      • There are catalogues of some of the principal characters, introduced in formal detail
  • King Alfred the Great: Anglo-Saxon chronicle
• 2.middle(1066-1485)
  • romance
    • France: Charlemagne the Great and Roland
    • Rome and Greece: Alexander the Great and the siege of Troy
    • Britain: the Arthurian legend (“Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”)
      • Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
        • a metrical romance (a romance written in verse) about an Arthurian knight
      • Le Morte D'Arthur
        • an English version in prose of the cycle of earlier metrical romances about Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table
    • chivalric romance/medieval romance
      • verse→prose
      • represent a heroic age of (×)tribal wars，(✔)a courtly and chivalric age, often one of highly developed manners and civility.
      • standard plot
        • a quest undertaken by a single knight in order to gain a lady’s favor
      • central interest
        • courtly love
      • it stresses the chivalric ideals of courage, loyalty, honor,mercifulness to an opponent, and elaborate manners; and it delights in wonders and marvels.
      • it shifts the supernatural to this world, and makes much of the mysterious effect of magic, spells, and enchantments.
  • religious lits
  • ballads
    • Get up and Bar the Door
    • a song, transmitted orally, which tells a story
    • dramatic
    • condensed
    • impersonal
    • ballad stanza
      • a quatrain in alternate four‐ and three‐stress lines
      • only the second and fourth lines rhyme
  • Three Poets
    • Geoffrey Chaucer（1343‐1400）
      • The Canterbury Tales
        • Heroic Couplet
          • Lines of iambic pentameter which rhyme in pairs: aa, bb, cc, and so on
        • Lively and vivid Middle-Age English
        • Satiric and humorous
        • Of unequal merits
      • The Legend of Good Women
      • Frame story, picaresque novel (on‐the‐road novel)
    • William Langland （1330‐1400）
      • The Vision Concerning Piers the Plowman
      • Dream vision, allegory
    • John Gower (1330?‐1408)
  • Thomas Malory (1405‐1471)
    • Prose: Le Morte d’Arthur
  • Thomas Percy (1729‐1811)
    • poetry/ballad
      • Reliques of Ancient English Poetry (1765)（《古英诗拾遗》）
      • The Robin Hood Ballads
• 3.renaissance(1485 – 1625)
  • 1.Early 16th Century
  • 2.The Elizabethan Age
  • 3.First Quarter of 17th Century
  • Prose
    • Early 16th Century
      • prose
        • Thomas More
          • Utopia
      • poetry
      • drama
    • Elizabethan
      • Prose
      • poetry
        • William Shakespeare (1564‐1616) （Sonnet 12 &18)
        • Edmund Spenser (1552‐1599) (sonnet75)
        • Andrew Marvell
          • To His Coy Mistress
      • drama(peak of Renaissance literature)
        • William Shakespeare (The Merchant of Venice, Hamlet)
    • Early 17th Century
      • prose
        • Francis Bacon
      • (metaphysical) poetry
        • John Donne (1572‐1631) (The Flea)
      • drama
  • features
    • a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature
    • a keen interest in the activities of humanity
    • humanism——the keynote of Renaissance
• 7.modern
• 6.Victorian
• 5.romantic
• 4.neoclassical