阅读技巧College Reading Skills

大学英语专业学生第一学期英语阅读课程前三单元，主要内容有Vocabulary in Context语境中的词汇、Main ldeas、Supporting Details。

阅读技巧College Reading Skills

• Vocabulary in Context 语境中的词汇
  • Examples 例子
    • Examples may suggest the meaning of an unknow world
    • Note that examplels are often introduced with signal words and phrases like 、for example、for instance、including and such as
  • Synonyms 同义词
    • A word that means the same or almost the same as the unknow word
    • The word which you don't know and its synonym have the same character
  • Antonyms 反义词
    • A word that means the opposite of another word
    • Antonyms are often signaled by words and phrases such as as however、but 、yet、but、on the other hand , and in contrast
  • General Sense of the Sentence or Passage
    • In such cases,you must draw conclusions basedd on the information given with the word.
    • Asking youself questions about the passage may help you make a fairly accurate guess about the meaning of the unfamiliar word.
• Main Ideas
  • 什么是主题思想 What is the main idea？
    • A good way to find author's point,or main idea,is to look for a general atatement
    • The main idea is the general point,it includes supporting details
  • Recognizing a main idea 识别主题思想的三种策略
    • Look for general versus specific ideas. 寻找概括性观点及其对应的具体观点
      • The topic is general subject of a selection. Knowing the topic can help you find a writer's main point about that topic
    • Use the topic to lead you to the main ideas. 利用主题找到主题思想
    • Use clue words to lead you to the main idea. 利用提示词找到主题思想
      • List Worlds(general statement) Which tells you a list of items is to follow
        • several kinds(ways) of several cause of some factors in three advantages of five steps among the results various reasons for a number of effects a series of
      • Addition word(supprting details) used right before a supporting detail.
        • one first first of all for one thing to begin with another second also in addition next moreover furthermore last last of all finally
  • Locations of the main idea 主题思想的位置
    • Main Idea at the Beginning 主题思想在段首
      • the first sentence may simply introduce in or lead into the main idea of a paragraph.Very often,a contrast word like yet,but,or however signals the main idea.
    • Main Idea in the Middle 主题思想在段中
    • Main Idea at the End 主题思想在段末
    • Main Idea at the Beginning and End 主题思想同时在段首和段末
• Supporting Details
  • What are supporting details? 什么是支持性细节
    • Supporting details are reasons,examples,facts,steps,or other kinds of evidence that explain a main idea.
    • Two levels of supporting details
      • Major details explain and develop the main idea.
      • minor drtails help fill out and make clear the major details.
  • Outlining,Mapping,and Summarizing 记笔记的三种方法：列提纲、画图表、做小结.
    • Outlining
      • Look for words that tell you a list of details is coming.
        • several kinds of various causes a few reasons a number of a series of three factors four steps among the results several advantages
      • Look for words that signal major details.
      • When making an outline,put all supporting details of equal importance at the same distance from the margin. 列提纲的时候，同层次的支持性细节要留出同样的缩进距离。
    • Mapping
      • Maps,or diagrams,are highly visual outlines in which circles,boxes,or other shapes show the relationships between main ideas and supporting details.
    • Summarizing
      • A summary is the reduction of a large amount of information to its most important points.
        • A summary will consist of a main idea and its major supporting details
        • a paragraph→a sentence or two an article→a paragraph a textbook chapter →three pages of notes
      • Summary
        • Note that a textbook defintion of a key term should generally not be summarized.
        • Select one example from several that might be given.
        • Condense the example if it's not already very brief.
        • A definition of a key trem followed by one condensed example. 记下关键术语的定义并配以一个简洁的例子。
• specific evidence such as examples,causes,reasons,or facts.