定语从句的特殊用法
1)先行词和引导词之间有介词,人不用who,只能用whom;物不用that,只能用which
| Eg:I will never forget the day on ____ I met you (on 是从句的宾语,从句不缺成分,填which)
| Eg:Old fish is a man _____ we should learn from (a man 做from 的宾语,填whom)
2)that 引导的定语从句,如果在从句中充当的是宾语,that可以省略
3)the same …as VS the same…that
看前后语境,as前后指的不是同一个人/物,译为“像”,that 前后指的是同一个人/物,译为“是”
| Eg:He is the same man as I love 他就像是我爱的那个男人
| Eg:He is the same man that I love 他就是我爱的那个男人
4)which引导的非限制性定语从句可修饰前面整个一句话,as也可以,但是as引导的定语从句既可以放在句首,也可以放在句末,which引导的非限定性定语从句只能放在句末
As 译为“正如”;which 译为“这一点,这一个”
| Eg:Respecting senior citizens keep a Chinese conventional virtue , which/as has been known for years.
| Eg:As we all know , china is a developing country. (放在句首,只能用as 做定从的宾语)
状语从句
时间(主将从现,主过从过)
当while译为“当…时”,从句必须用进行时
as soon as+句子
延续性动词+until ,not 瞬间动词+until
地点
where
原因
目的
1、目的是:to , in order to , so as to +V (动词不定式+V)
2、引导词/从属连词:so that , in order that +句子 (引导词+句子)
so that有两种用法:引出结果和引出目的
So that 后面有情态动词的,表示目的;没有情态动词的,表示结果
结果
如此…以至于/太...所以 : so + a./ad. +that , such + n./n.词组 + that
让步
although , though , even though , even if , as(表语可倒装) , while(句首) "虽然、尽管"
方式
① As,the way , as if/though 好像,似乎
as:按照...方式,像...一样
as if:似乎、好像,注意as if后面的句子要用虚拟
② 特殊引导词:the way(方式)
③ 介词短语:by , by means of , in…way , in…manner , 以…的方式
条件
Suppose that , supposing that , if , unless ,provided that(假如), as long as = so long as , only if (只要),in case that(以防),on condition that(如果),once(一旦)
比较
1、As+a./ad.+as 同级的比较
Eg: you are as beautiful as I (am)
从句后应该接句子 me——>I am
主句和从句谓语重复,去掉am
2、比较结构 than
3、the more … the more 越 ... 越...
4、more than
Morethan + n. ——不仅仅是
More than + a. ——非常
More than + v ——不仅仅是
More than + 数词—— 多于,超过
5、not so much as = not even 甚至不/没有
6、not so much A as B 与其说A到不如说B
7、more A than B 与其说B不如说A
特殊句式
倒装
全倒
There be + N
there be+N.+prep.短语:有 ... 在哪里
部分倒
否定副词/词组在句首
only在句首
虚拟条件句省略if,从句倒装,主句不变
陈述句变成一般疑问句 = 助动词 / 情态动词提前
强调
it is / was 强调的部分+ that / who + 句子余下的部分
【注意】形容词和动词是不能强调的,是主从
it is……that去掉后句子完整